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Equation of state and speed of sound of isospin-asymmetric QCD on the lattice
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abstract
We determine the QCD equation of state at nonzero temperature in the presence of an isospin asymmetry between the light quark chemical potentials on the lattice. Our simulations employ $N_f=2+1$ flavors of dynamical staggered quarks at physical masses, using three different lattice spacings. The main results are based on a two-dimensional spline interpolation of the isospin density, from which all relevant quantities can be obtained analytically. In particular, we present results for the pressure, the interaction measure, the energy and entropy densities, as well as the speed of sound. Remarkably, the latter is found to exceed its ideal gas limit deep in the pion condensed phase, the first account of the violation of this limit in first principles QCD. Finally, we also compute the phase diagram in the temperature -- isospin density plane for the first time. The data for all observables will be useful for the benchmarking of effective theories and low-energy models of QCD and are provided in ancillary files for simple reuse.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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A medium-separated NJL model reproduces the lattice-observed peak in the speed of sound for two-color dense QCD, where conventional cutoff regularization fails.
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A renormalization-group invariant mean-field quark-meson model with one fitted scale reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics at finite isospin density and predicts a multicritical chiral/pion-condensation point in the c...
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Pion condensation at non-zero isospin chemical potential with Wilson fermions
Using Wilson fermions on the lattice, the onset of pion condensation is observed at an isospin chemical potential slightly below m_pi/2, consistent with earlier staggered-fermion results.
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Topological Uncertainty for Anomaly Detection in the Neural-network EoS Inference with Neutron Star Data
Applying Topological Uncertainty to hidden-layer activations of a trained FNN detects failed neutron-star EoS inferences with over 90% success in the best-tested configuration.
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