Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 14 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2402.16788.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2402.16788 v4

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 14 of 14 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 14 of 14 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T21:23:48.754308Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

2
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation df81907c-0ac0-4d38-8de6-ee71584caa04 · inbound

Elucidating Subspace Perturbation in Zeroth-Order Optimization: Theory and Practice at Scale cites this paper.

Elucidating Subspace Perturbation in Zeroth-Order Optimization: Theory and Practice at Scale Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T21:23:48.754308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fc161233-2169-4f0d-b8b8-284dbf682f92 · inbound

Avoiding spurious sharpness minimization broadens applicability of SAM cites this paper.

Avoiding spurious sharpness minimization broadens applicability of SAM Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T12:21:20.598334Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation faaeb223-ad35-4ee3-baf9-813f5dbef9fe · inbound

PiKE: Adaptive Data Mixing for Large-Scale Multi-Task Learning Under Low Gradient Conflicts cites this paper.

PiKE: Adaptive Data Mixing for Large-Scale Multi-Task Learning Under Low Gradient Conflicts Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T16:20:38.454661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f01a9f2a-5a2d-4ef5-a118-3ce50a59f375 · inbound

Spectral-factorized Positive-definite Curvature Learning for NN Training cites this paper.

Spectral-factorized Positive-definite Curvature Learning for NN Training Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T16:15:07.397282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b0f0bae6-34be-46d7-9b78-6e8bbece3e14 · inbound

Logits are All We Need to Adapt Closed Models cites this paper.

Logits are All We Need to Adapt Closed Models Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:18:05.741533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7a7411e0-c16f-4ab8-84f3-1b891eecdaa3 · inbound

Improving Adaptive Moment Optimization via Preconditioner Diagonalization cites this paper.

Improving Adaptive Moment Optimization via Preconditioner Diagonalization Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:40:42.763594Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8db54ecc-4645-45b5-aa8f-62252775bc69 · inbound

Mechanistic Insights into Grokking from the Embedding Layer cites this paper.

Mechanistic Insights into Grokking from the Embedding Layer Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:20:33.396451Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f7dcaf01-f68f-4aad-a8d0-86ec4ad73dc9 · inbound

Is your batch size the problem? Revisiting the Adam-SGD gap in language modeling cites this paper.

Is your batch size the problem? Revisiting the Adam-SGD gap in language modeling Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:50:30.633781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 97ac1617-c7de-4a19-8d93-597025ab19dd · inbound

Sketched Gaussian Mechanism for Private Federated Learning cites this paper.

Sketched Gaussian Mechanism for Private Federated Learning Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T21:12:51.314436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5cbdf9aa-50f7-4eac-b4b9-31c8fcf14700 · inbound

Discrete Double-Bracket Flows for Isotropic-Noise Invariant Eigendecomposition cites this paper.

Discrete Double-Bracket Flows for Isotropic-Noise Invariant Eigendecomposition Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T22:10:21.398194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7128c717-f411-4951-83a2-be0164d02693 · inbound

Efficient Unlearning through Maximizing Relearning Convergence Delay cites this paper.

Efficient Unlearning through Maximizing Relearning Convergence Delay Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 57

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T08:30:56.607731Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b7dff74f-a846-48eb-8e76-8b915e9acffc · inbound

Optimizer-Model Consistency: Full Finetuning with the Same Optimizer as Pretraining Forgets Less cites this paper.

Optimizer-Model Consistency: Full Finetuning with the Same Optimizer as Pretraining Forgets Less Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 46

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T19:26:08.489778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d0dc2a73-7031-442c-beff-09a41801da42 · inbound

Outer-Momentum Restarting in High-Dimensional Two-Phase Optimization cites this paper.

Outer-Momentum Restarting in High-Dimensional Two-Phase Optimization Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 29

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T13:33:27.479444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation c55a9958-41fd-4dfa-9b49-0fb8d195c6b7 · inbound

Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum cites this paper.

Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:58:59.068392Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.