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Chiral magnetic effect reveals the topology of gauge fields in heavy-ion collisions

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arxiv 2102.06623 v1 pith:52H5CIXP submitted 2021-02-12 hep-ph cond-mat.str-elhep-thnucl-exnucl-th

classification hep-phcond-mat.str-elhep-thnucl-exnucl-th
keywords topologicalasymmetrychiralcollisionsheavy-ionmagnetictransitionsvacuum
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The topological structure of vacuum is the cornerstone of non-Abelian gauge theories describing strong and electroweak interactions within the standard model of particle physics. However, transitions between different topological sectors of the vacuum (believed to be at the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe) have never been observed directly. An experimental observation of such transitions in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) has become possible in heavy-ion collisions, where the chiral magnetic effect converts the chiral asymmetry (generated by topological transitions in hot QCD matter) into an electric current, under the presence of the magnetic field produced by the colliding ions. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider program on heavy-ion collisions such as the Zr-Zr and Ru-Ru isobars, thus has the potential to uncover the topological structure of vacuum in a laboratory experiment. This discovery would have far-reaching implications for the understanding of QCD, the origin of the baryon asymmetry in the present-day Universe, and for other areas, including condensed matter physics.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Fluid Acceleration in Heavy-Ion Collisions

    nucl-th 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In AMPT and UrQMD simulations, fluid acceleration in heavy-ion collisions reaches a few hundred MeV, peaks at fireball boundaries, and evolves from stopping-dominated deceleration at low energies to boundary/tilt puls...

  2. Leading-Order QCD Equation of State in Strong Magnetic Fields at Nonzero Baryon Chemical Potential

    hep-lat 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Continuum-estimated leading-order EoS coefficients in magnetized strangeness-neutral QCD at nonzero baryon chemical potential show temperature-band crossings in q1 and P2 and a possible sign change of the trace anomal...

  3. Plasminos in chiral QCD plasma

    hep-ph 2025-09 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    The paper claims left and right handed quark quasiparticles and plasminos split with masses M ± δM in a chiral plasma, but the splitting is not supported by its own pole equations.

  4. Nuclear Physics Confronts Relativistic Collisions Of Isobars

    nucl-ex 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    RHIC isobar data are explained by different shapes of 96Ru and 96Zr, with 96Zr showing a large octupole deformation, so nuclear structure uncertainty, not the magnetic field, dominates the observed ratios.

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