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arxiv 2401.02524 v2 pith:5I5HETH6 submitted 2024-01-04 cs.LG cs.AIcs.CV

Comprehensive Exploration of Synthetic Data Generation: A Survey

classification cs.LG cs.AIcs.CV
keywords datamodelsgenerationmodelsyntheticcommoncomprehensiveexploration
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Recent years have witnessed a surge in the popularity of Machine Learning (ML), applied across diverse domains. However, progress is impeded by the scarcity of training data due to expensive acquisition and privacy legislation. Synthetic data emerges as a solution, but the abundance of released models and limited overview literature pose challenges for decision-making. This work surveys 417 Synthetic Data Generation (SDG) models over the last decade, providing a comprehensive overview of model types, functionality, and improvements. Common attributes are identified, leading to a classification and trend analysis. The findings reveal increased model performance and complexity, with neural network-based approaches prevailing, except for privacy-preserving data generation. Computer vision dominates, with GANs as primary generative models, while diffusion models, transformers, and RNNs compete. Implications from our performance evaluation highlight the scarcity of common metrics and datasets, making comparisons challenging. Additionally, the neglect of training and computational costs in literature necessitates attention in future research. This work serves as a guide for SDG model selection and identifies crucial areas for future exploration.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Robust Spectral Watermark for Synthetic Tabular Data

    cs.CR 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    TAB-DRW embeds detectable watermarks in the frequency domain of normalized synthetic tabular data via DFT and rank-based pseudorandom bits, achieving robustness to attacks while preserving fidelity and supporting mixe...

  2. Adversarial Arena: Crowdsourcing Data Generation through Interactive Competition

    cs.AI 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Adversarial competition between attacker and defender teams generates diverse multi-turn conversational data that improves LLM performance on secure code generation benchmarks by 18-29%.

  3. Quality Degradation Attack in Synthetic Data

    cs.CR 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Adversaries can degrade synthetic data quality via small manipulations such as label flipping or feature-importance interventions, substantially harming downstream model performance and increasing statistical divergen...

  4. Scaling Synthetic Data Creation with 1,000,000,000 Personas

    cs.CL 2024-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A curated set of one billion personas enables scalable, diverse synthetic data generation for LLM training across reasoning, instructions, knowledge, NPCs, and tools.

  5. Quantifying the Privacy of Counterfactuals by Leveraging Membership Inference Attacks Against Synthetic Data

    cs.LG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Membership inference attacks adapted from synthetic data succeed on counterfactuals using only the counterfactuals themselves, without model access.

  6. PuckTrick: A Library for Making Synthetic Data More Realistic

    cs.LG 2025-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PuckTrick library adds controlled imperfections to synthetic data and shows that models trained on the resulting contaminated data outperform those trained on clean synthetic data in financial dataset experiments.