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BELT-2: Bootstrapping EEG-to-Language representation alignment for multi-task brain decoding

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arxiv 2409.00121 v1 pith:7HM6CKVF submitted 2024-08-28 eess.SP cs.AIcs.LGeess.AS

classification eess.SPcs.AIcs.LGeess.AS
keywords belt-2decodingbrainmulti-taskencoderalignmentanonymousencoding
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The remarkable success of large language models (LLMs) across various multi-modality applications is well established. However, integrating large language models with humans, or brain dynamics, remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we introduce BELT-2, a pioneering multi-task model designed to enhance both encoding and decoding performance from EEG signals. To bolster the quality of the EEG encoder, BELT-2 is the first work to innovatively 1) adopt byte-pair encoding (BPE)-level EEG-language alignment and 2) integrate multi-task training and decoding in the EEG domain. Inspired by the idea of \textbf{\textit{Bridging the Brain with GPT}}, we further connect the multi-task EEG encoder with LLMs by utilizing prefix-tuning on intermediary output from the EEG encoder. These innovative efforts make BELT-2 a pioneering breakthrough, making it the first work in the field capable of decoding coherent and readable sentences from non-invasive brain signals. Our experiments highlight significant advancements over prior techniques in both quantitative and qualitative measures, achieving a decoding performance with a BLEU-1 score of 52.2\% on the ZuCo dataset. Furthermore, BELT-2 shows a remarkable improvement ranging from 31\% to 162\% on other translation benchmarks. Codes can be accessed via the provided anonymous link~\footnote{https://anonymous.4open.science/r/BELT-2-0048}.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. EEG2TEXT-CN: An Exploratory Study of Open-Vocabulary Chinese Text-EEG Alignment via Large Language Model and Contrastive Learning on ChineseEEG

    cs.CL 2025-06 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Chinese EEG-to-text system that aligns 128-channel EEG with per-character text embeddings achieves BLEU-1 6.38% on a held-out subject, claimed as the first open-vocabulary EEG-to-Chinese decoder.

  2. WorldWeaver: Generating Long-Horizon Video Worlds via Rich Perception

    cs.CV 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    WorldWeaver reduces temporal drift in long-horizon video generation by jointly modeling RGB and depth perceptual conditions with segmented noise scheduling.

  3. Foundation Models for Cross-Domain EEG Analysis Application: A Survey

    cs.HC 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that organizes EEG foundation-model research into five output-modality categories: native EEG, text, vision, audio, and multimodal fusion, with a claim to be the first such comprehensive taxonomy.

  4. Large Language Models for EEG: A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomy

    eess.SP 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A taxonomy and review of studies applying large language models to EEG signals, organized into four domains and three adaptation strategies.

  5. Bridging Brain with Foundation Models through Self-Supervised Learning

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    A PRISMA-based survey maps self-supervised learning techniques, brain foundation models, datasets, and evaluation protocols for EEG and related neural signals, including a skeptical review of EEG-to-text decoding.

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