Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.02377.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.02377 v1

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.676788Z

measured 32 of 32 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy2
unresolved26
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier2
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 03fb88a8-1177-4a96-af11-a7efe176eec3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.472417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a2f1690f-0f28-45ce-bf6a-c4f322b74d9e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.477988Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ae6cfb1c-f54a-4d9f-bd14-de50f8b942d2 · outbound

This paper cites Overview of the TREC 2020 deep learning track.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Overview of the TREC 2020 deep learning track

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.484693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f208ede7-e06f-4e9d-ac93-64c94c312234 · outbound

This paper cites Overview of the TREC 2019 deep learning track.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Overview of the TREC 2019 deep learning track

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.491459Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a78835ec-25f9-4d87-9765-fc1786c3e898 · outbound

This paper cites Dhole and Eugene Agichtein.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Dhole and Eugene Agichtein

Reference 5

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.499581Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6ebc53ee-bef8-41d9-99db-51cf451e576b · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.505840Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25ce0a4d-2354-4c42-a789-47220f0779dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.513758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a371ec5-bcf3-45bd-bcff-13aa1ac7eaac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.531973Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 38cdc5e0-7c4a-4949-9a53-3f407fe8e53d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.537170Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e26ffc89-27ee-4f0c-bdef-bcb6bd2cc417 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.543338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6d706749-684d-402c-9604-4338cb3ac149 · outbound

This paper cites Query Expansion by Prompting Large Language Models.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Query Expansion by Prompting Large Language Models

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.550347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e02067e-82fd-486f-b8c0-c6d57869f672 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.557479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9391e3ac-97dd-41b2-8d38-ac86c1008a25 · outbound

This paper cites Bruce Croft.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Bruce Croft

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.563750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e5dd9ca4-1e91-46a8-998b-445e43aac16b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.570024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a7741f39-a5a1-4385-835e-357c38e59677 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:16.328170Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8ac7234e-e01d-4363-9160-94b2dbdc0fd4 · outbound

This paper cites Generative and Pseudo-Relevant Feedback for Sparse, Dense and Learned Sparse Retrieval.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Generative and Pseudo-Relevant Feedback for Sparse, Dense and Learned Sparse Retrieval

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.581697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0689e3ce-3870-44fb-9739-4adde0ca6542 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.587671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d8157242-076b-4aaf-ba62-8aa9ed8f04f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: malformed identifier; doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.783166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 5201d33e-ee2f-4bd5-bc3e-2d0ac0a3908f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.600242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 47a5e817-fcc3-4f6d-81f0-146a7ee5a43b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:17.521995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 13a44bb4-0391-434c-ab2b-e03ccb338eba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.615465Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c8a29351-e7f5-4798-a4d7-2cfe760e9cb8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.751704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 78e05871-6765-47d4-907c-88e2c4330803 · outbound

This paper cites Robertson, Steve Walker, Susan Jones, Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu, and Mike Gatford.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Robertson, Steve Walker, Susan Jones, Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu, and Mike Gatford

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:17.337185Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7f6b6ef1-9978-4f54-97c7-5ce32a63106d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.633949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc36f329-cb0b-420b-9038-9a4853366c5f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:17.154225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2dc29068-2aaa-437d-b9da-01addd28d5f2 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.646595Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6800b1fa-1826-4075-9cbc-f63c71305a3d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.653051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 007f23ea-818d-4614-a521-cb4315d4b7f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:16.984924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3ccf2ccc-c063-4bef-882e-c98f77296cb5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.665885Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f6d5f77-d455-4a16-b329-f4e744f3278c · outbound

This paper cites Bennett, Junaid Ahmed, and Arnold Overwijk.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Bennett, Junaid Ahmed, and Arnold Overwijk

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:16.799338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d7c1df27-18a4-434d-821e-54b5652a6229 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.676788Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f8f9fcab-5641-4d87-a8a4-d93407d3755d · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (Madrid, Spain) (SIGIR ’22).

Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion In Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (Madrid, Spain) (SIGIR ’22)

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T11:40:15.526539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.