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Overview of the TREC 2020 deep learning track

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arxiv 2102.07662 v1 pith:QSUN37DE submitted 2021-02-15 cs.IR cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG

classification cs.IRcs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
keywords datalargedeeplearningqueriesrankersrankingregime
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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This is the second year of the TREC Deep Learning Track, with the goal of studying ad hoc ranking in the large training data regime. We again have a document retrieval task and a passage retrieval task, each with hundreds of thousands of human-labeled training queries. We evaluate using single-shot TREC-style evaluation, to give us a picture of which ranking methods work best when large data is available, with much more comprehensive relevance labeling on the small number of test queries. This year we have further evidence that rankers with BERT-style pretraining outperform other rankers in the large data regime.

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Cited by 22 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 117 citations worldwide. Full citation record

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    Trajectory-level linear response yields mutual linearity of observables under single-edge rate perturbation for Markov jump processes, including non-stationary state and counting observables.

  2. The Matryoshka Hypencoder

    cs.IR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Matryoshka-style loss lets one Hypencoder generate Q-Nets of different widths, so a single model can be deployed at multiple efficiency-effectiveness points.

  3. LLMs Encode Relevance as a Layer-Wise Cross-Lingual Signal

    cs.IR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Large language models encode query-document relevance as a linearly decodable internal signal that strengthens in middle-to-late layers and, in several models, outperforms their own generated judgments.

  4. Tool-Adaptive LLM Reranker

    cs.IR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Pointwise LLM reranking cast as an agentic MDP with language-preserving warm-up and asymmetric cost-aware RL yields adaptive tool use, SOTA NDCG, and high throughput.

  5. Evaluating the Robustness of Retrieval-Augmented Generation to Adversarial Evidence in the Health Domain

    cs.IR 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Misleading health documents in RAG context sharply lower LLM accuracy, and heavily helpful-biased retrieval pools restore it.

  6. Upcycling Candidate Tokens of Large Language Models for Query Expansion

    cs.IR 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using unselected top-k candidate tokens from a single LLM decoding pass as extra query terms improves retrieval over standard keyword expansion while using far fewer tokens than document-level methods.

  7. ERank: Fusing Supervised Fine-Tuning and Reinforcement Learning for Effective and Efficient Text Reranking

    cs.IR 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ERank trains a pointwise reasoning-LLM reranker with fine-grained integer scoring and a listwise reinforcement-learning reward, reporting nDCG@10 of 40.2 on BRIGHT for its 32B variant with BM25 hybrid scoring.

  8. Shifting from Ranking to Set Selection for Retrieval Augmented Generation

    cs.CL 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    SETR identifies a query's information requirements with chain-of-thought reasoning and selects a compact passage set, improving multi-hop RAG accuracy over fixed-top-k reranking baselines.

  9. Precise Zero-Shot Pointwise Ranking with LLMs through Post-Aggregated Global Context Information

    cs.IR 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A summary-based anchor document enables contrastive pointwise scoring that, when averaged with ordinary pointwise scores, improves zero-shot LLM reranking.

  10. Decoding Dense Embeddings: Sparse Autoencoders for Interpreting and Discretizing Dense Retrieval

    cs.IR 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Dense retrieval embeddings can be decomposed into interpretable latent concepts that serve both as explanations and as efficient sparse indexing units for retrieval.

  11. RaDeR: Reasoning-aware Dense Retrieval Models

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A math-trained dense retriever and reranker, built from MCTS reasoning trajectories and self-reflection, outperforms strong baselines on reasoning-intensive retrieval benchmarks and beats BM25 on chain-of-thought queries.

  12. Don't "Overthink" Passage Reranking: Is Reasoning Truly Necessary?

    cs.IR 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Standard pointwise rerankers beat reasoning-based pointwise rerankers under identical training, and removing the reasoning process at inference partially recovers the gap.

  13. Reranking with Compressed Document Representation

    cs.IR 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A reranker trained on 8-token PISCO document embeddings plus a short query achieves near-identical nDCG@10 to full-text rerankers on BeIR and TREC-DL while running up to 16x faster.

  14. Rank-K: Test-Time Reasoning for Listwise Reranking

    cs.IR 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Rank-K, a reasoning-model-based listwise reranker distilled from DeepSeek R1 traces, beats RankZephyr on several benchmarks but only marginally on TREC DL 2019/2020.

  15. Does UMBRELA Work on Other LLMs?

    cs.IR 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    UMBRELA relevance judgments made with DeepSeek V3 are close to GPT-4o, and even small models preserve leaderboard rankings although per-document agreement with humans drops.

  16. Are Optimal Algorithms Still Optimal? Rethinking Sorting in LLM-Based Pairwise Ranking with Batching and Caching

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Under an LLM-inference cost model, Quicksort with batching uses roughly 44% fewer inference calls than Heapsort for pairwise document ranking, reversing the classical comparison-count ordering.

  17. RankLLM: A Python Package for Reranking with LLMs

    cs.IR 2025-05 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

    RankLLM is an open-source Python package that modularly supports pointwise, pairwise, and listwise LLM rerankers, with integrated retrieval, evaluation, training, and response analysis, and reproduces results from Ran...

  18. Measuring Hypothesis Testing Errors in the Evaluation of Retrieval Systems

    cs.IR 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper adds Type II error metrics to the evaluation of relevance judgment sets and shows that balanced accuracy and Matthews correlation can summarize qrels' discriminative power in one number.

  19. The Next Phase of Scientific Fact-Checking: Advanced Evidence Retrieval from Complex Structured Academic Papers

    cs.IR 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper proposes a full-paper, evidence-aware retrieval agenda for scientific fact-checking and shows that combining verification feedback with semantic reranking improves evidence recall on SciFact-Open and Check-COVID.

  20. Comparative Analysis of Lion and AdamW Optimizers for Cross-Encoder Reranking with MiniLM, GTE, and ModernBERT

    cs.IR 2025-06 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Lion and AdamW are compared for reranker fine-tuning, but the reported Lion gains are confounded by a 10x learning-rate difference and an inverted GPU-utilization metric.

  21. GOLFer: Smaller LM-Generated Documents Hallucination Filter & Combiner for Query Expansion in Information Retrieval

    cs.IR 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    GOLFer filters hallucinated sentences from small-LM-generated hypothetical documents and reweights the rest into the query, improving retrieval at lower cost than large LLM expansion.

  22. Exp4Fuse: A Rank Fusion Framework for Enhanced Sparse Retrieval using Large Language Model-based Query Expansion

    cs.IR 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Exp4Fuse improves sparse retrieval by fusing the ranked lists from the original query and an LLM-expanded query using a modified reciprocal rank fusion.

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