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Primordial Black Holes from First-Order Phase Transition in the xSM
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abstract
Supercooled first-order phase transition (FOPT) can lead to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). This scenario imposes stringent requirements on the profile of the effective potential. In this work, we use the singlet extended Standard Model (xSM) as a benchmark model to investigate this possibility at the electroweak scale. The PBHs formed during a supercooled FOPT have a narrow mass distribution around the mass of Earth. This distribution is closely tied to the temperature at which the PBHs form, corresponding to the FOPT at the electroweak scale. This scenario can be probed with microlensing experiments, space-based gravitational wave detectors, and collider experiments. Remarkably, the future space-based gravitational wave detector LISA will hold the potential to either confirm this PBH scenario in the xSM or completely rule it out for extremely small total dark matter fraction made of PBHs, down to $f_{\rm PBH}> 10^{-300}$. Interestingly, our findings suggest that PBHs within the xSM framework may align with observations of the six ultrashort timescale events reported by the OGLE microlensing experiment.
Forward citations
Cited by 9 Pith papers
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Can the universe be matter-dominated after a supercooled first-order phase transition?
After a supercooled first-order phase transition, the scalar field's equation of state is set by the bubble-wall Lorentz factor γ*, and matter domination is delayed until a/a* ≃ γ* in the free-streaming limit.
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Complementarity of gravitational wave analyses and di-Higgs production in the exploration of the Electroweak Phase Transition dynamics in the RxSM
In the real singlet extension of the SM, strong first-order electroweak phase transitions split into singlet-driven transitions (loud in gravitational waves, quiet at colliders) and doublet-driven transitions (visible...
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Complementary Probes of Warped Extra Dimension: Colliders, Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Phase Transitions
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Primordial Black Holes (as Dark Matter) from the Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking
Supercooled radiative symmetry breaking phase transitions generically produce primordial black holes, and the false-vacuum decay rate grows exponentially with time to high accuracy.
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Investigating a strong first-order electroweak phase transition in the RxSM at future linear $e^+e^-$ colliders and LISA
In the RxSM, singlet-driven SFOEWPTs yield strong LISA GW signals with SM-like Higgs couplings, while doublet-driven ones yield large κ_λ deviations visible at ILC1000 but weak GWs.
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Measuring gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition and Higgs self-couplings
Using simulated Taiji data, the authors show that a stochastic gravitational-wave signal from an electroweak phase transition in the singlet-extended Standard Model can constrain the Higgs cubic and quartic self-couplings.
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Super-exponential Primordial Black Hole Production via Delayed Vacuum Decay
PBH abundance from delayed vacuum decay follows f_pbh ≈ M exp(-Q exp(-S3(Tp)/Tp)), so S3(Tp)/Tp super-exponentially controls how many black holes form.
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Super-critical primordial black hole formation via delayed first-order electroweak phase transition
Delayed first-order electroweak phase transitions can form super-critical primordial black holes, and a timescale ratio t_H/t_V captures the threshold better than the standard density contrast.
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Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking
Supercooled phase transitions from radiative symmetry breaking can be described, at leading and next-to-leading order, by formulas depending only on three or four parameters (χ0, β̄, g, and g̃ at NLO).
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