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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023

As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.03423.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.03423 v1

Coverage vector

measured 45 of 45 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:05.713116Z

measured 49 of 49 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:15:27.707963Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-20T09:33:10.722977Z

Reference resolution

45 of 45 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact6
  • verified fuzzy39
  • unresolved0
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 984f1ea6-bd41-4d6d-8648-f0e254bc88ff · outbound

This paper cites Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger, 2014.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger, 2014

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.823597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.505834Z digest=sha256:b3236b4dd7431f71cd6fb02ca8dc7abbe18feb80add1352cbc41f41931b18a92

Observation 3018d4ad-cda3-4b58-a45a-fdb5eb5b1238 · outbound

This paper cites Crypto research, data, and tools, Aug 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Crypto research, data, and tools, Aug 2022

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.808186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.510940Z digest=sha256:1a62db6e03e07bf2e65755272e196a3c8c2650723ae37263e1010d44e896482e

Observation cd6319aa-d40a-4052-a16f-d3e1be5e167f · outbound

This paper cites Rekt - ronin network - rekt, Mar 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Rekt - ronin network - rekt, Mar 2022

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.792173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.515810Z digest=sha256:daa9f732a1eebbd81b1d3f720ad4b2b61146c81db01e59bc345a707115cb1706

Observation d84263f5-33f9-4d88-a9bc-9306d6138069 · outbound

This paper cites SoK: Not quite water under the bridge: Review of cross-chain bridge hacks.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 SoK: Not quite water under the bridge: Review of cross-chain bridge hacks

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.776504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.520669Z digest=sha256:7b3f79b20ad341b3b30b65d1b30cd4ef153ba24321b282fecf30cc5273325676

Observation 01cc8882-7d9e-4309-abe8-699f39c22b70 · outbound

This paper cites ERC-20: Token standard, Nov 2015.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 ERC-20: Token standard, Nov 2015

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.760519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.525980Z digest=sha256:91a1cc5bab137755dfadae59f878d87dc1e3931cb5cb485f6a4ea8380683e003

Observation 3d4acbf0-1590-4025-a2ec-619937e1330f · outbound

This paper cites ERC-721: Non- fungible token standard, Jan 2018.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 ERC-721: Non- fungible token standard, Jan 2018

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.745212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.530815Z digest=sha256:fcdd47837db7f687e1d72b952d70e1d36373d124fa6afd3fb30ef00081d746a4

Observation 3b1c2f62-8ab1-4daa-bc03-0da1cae52231 · outbound

This paper cites ERC-1155: Multi token standard, Jun 2018.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 ERC-1155: Multi token standard, Jun 2018

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.728954Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.536169Z digest=sha256:ccbc44ea0d9a8c5f2d87c3db501286b7354c80dc99c4640a4358f4cdc1534b20

Observation 7b59f710-d4de-4903-9e9e-29922ea3a096 · outbound

This paper cites Commit-chains: Secure, scalable off-chain payments.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Commit-chains: Secure, scalable off-chain payments

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.711985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.540931Z digest=sha256:ced19d2b859b35ea8ac246f8ed4832d1139ff15881f0bf1ecd5024ebb977646e

Observation f685f858-2a33-48a9-8d4a-222bda44a452 · outbound

This paper cites Ideal properties of rollup escape hatches.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Ideal properties of rollup escape hatches

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.694737Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.545847Z digest=sha256:1b6148d2d11f2ba3d835c5e0b5dc72d09b6392cc44b65574a151122b5023c916

Observation 9b44aa2a-5eff-4c0a-b223-7a509bcd70e0 · outbound

This paper cites On the size of pairing-based non-interactive arguments.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 On the size of pairing-based non-interactive arguments

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.678412Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.550588Z digest=sha256:e3dc926078d6acacfc4dd06f61183ac5f6eaf23596bc396274c9a40e180830a4

Observation 7c6fb93d-e328-4c72-bb04-3c78a1b346c8 · outbound

This paper cites zkBridge: Trustless cross-chain bridges made practical.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 zkBridge: Trustless cross-chain bridges made practical

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.660924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.555330Z digest=sha256:548d48b6a0bcabb516e3d0450b071455980245606266a49014e8c73eaacf4bdd

Observation 8ed02492-6845-4afd-8a60-30163f9f5d8a · outbound

This paper cites Protocol overview, Mar 2023.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Protocol overview, Mar 2023

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.644088Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.560539Z digest=sha256:b107d373ba6b51eb38ecc49bf2abbd08a59e8c040148dc486604b8e94c294521

Observation d78495af-ef75-4f5a-8c9b-3b5e5b661ee7 · outbound

This paper cites Menezes, Paul C.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Menezes, Paul C

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.627670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.565031Z digest=sha256:52b21d0fb962ecb235759d0a0cebf0643c848ac7abd640887acb236cfa3dc8e9

Observation 94201abe-d9b8-4c42-8398-691b8e281f30 · outbound

This paper cites Rekt - BNB Bridge - rekt, Oct 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Rekt - BNB Bridge - rekt, Oct 2022

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.612277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.569729Z digest=sha256:20fee762fabd290c1aed641003f36527ebd10b16452f478a773112457eda303a

Observation 0c09047f-921b-4466-abfe-c8cdea0432d1 · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of the binance bridge hack.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Analysis of the binance bridge hack

Reference 15

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.191669Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.574351Z digest=sha256:a58871f278a34d1f0ed6ca854648a49ecff8e8cc9a01e6fa2049fac63a8c6372

Observation 5a85eaf9-0d82-4d37-90d4-396c1916c761 · outbound

This paper cites Thread by @frankresearcher on binance hack, Oct 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Thread by @frankresearcher on binance hack, Oct 2022

Reference 16

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.110233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.578971Z digest=sha256:442dca754ee9805ff62cbb631dffc6f3d85a0c16ecf3af76662c79f0125464d7

Observation 4faa9dfa-d216-4bdb-b9d5-e7c4ea1637ec · outbound

This paper cites https://github.com/bnb-chain/bnc-tendermint-iavl.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 https://github.com/bnb-chain/bnc-tendermint-iavl

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.596196Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.583435Z digest=sha256:6a6e1feca6c292b7c3270421fbf0df7262d557894130530ccdcad91eed79fd25

Observation c65c231d-9297-495b-9cee-941f0a6ae227 · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of nomad hack, Aug 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Analysis of nomad hack, Aug 2022

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.581142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.588195Z digest=sha256:f823d387a086776f7b8310ec76360e73d1d1146defbc8a30c881aa850d634e7d

Observation 91797d7b-4a23-4716-90c1-cffda368708a · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of nomad hack, Aug 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Analysis of nomad hack, Aug 2022

Reference 19

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.020889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.592659Z digest=sha256:ef1fbdc9a08a73dbd7826e57cbb40b77a9feb509179dff8f8dd6b1aa70f5e6d5

Observation 82a24e31-af4d-47da-947d-a0c99496ebde · outbound

This paper cites https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.23/.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.23/

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.565705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.597503Z digest=sha256:2a28eddd30625494862dde166f91b63fcfc64bdd62f4d7fec3ab6234ae869cc1

Observation e7610920-b543-4109-bcfe-0b41b6db9fb9 · outbound

This paper cites Qubit bridge collapse exploited to the tune of $80 million.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Qubit bridge collapse exploited to the tune of $80 million

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.550790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.602190Z digest=sha256:cd9d35c9f60784607e415abbc6b9fa476f43fa84c0ab9cdf0b51212686b92ade

Observation 97952415-a144-4f14-a33f-f32c90efc309 · outbound

This paper cites Explained: The Qubit hack (January 2022), Jan 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Explained: The Qubit hack (January 2022), Jan 2022

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.534589Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.606645Z digest=sha256:7328d8821c69adf3aff14cf09a43cf46d5c795dd51942686618bd9dc575f5878

Observation 62023027-a59c-458e-9abe-2d5ad487f253 · outbound

This paper cites Hack track: Analysis of Qubit finance exploit, Feb 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Hack track: Analysis of Qubit finance exploit, Feb 2022

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.519611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.611222Z digest=sha256:89a9f82adf9226f242f0f8837d38d330cb6a203bddfd0a2b80b622bd90680225

Observation 412dfc83-9f9d-4531-a7f5-54c4bf81d2bc · outbound

This paper cites Protocol exploit report - Qubit finance.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Protocol exploit report - Qubit finance

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.504956Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.615626Z digest=sha256:e115bf31b706c427fefde3a53c3c1669ab816c04b048f3c000bd840aa449544d

Observation 57acf06c-5a18-4161-87c7-575ea8b97371 · outbound

This paper cites https://github.com/bnb-chain/BEPs/blob /master/BEP20.md.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 https://github.com/bnb-chain/BEPs/blob /master/BEP20.md

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.489497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.620322Z digest=sha256:9b83724ca6ee0ffbed54df3334588ea963c0f4400ebdbd7022a367dba814618f

Observation a5dc30d7-7a36-4aea-9bb6-70da339e8653 · outbound

This paper cites SafeERC20.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 SafeERC20

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.473622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.625106Z digest=sha256:58b0aa65a9c80c7aac6572893787985d24dd3a03b4e5979116ea02636db603d5

Observation d7328c08-694b-48a6-88b9-a4c091cc89b5 · outbound

This paper cites Rekt - Wintermute - rekt 2, Sept 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Rekt - Wintermute - rekt 2, Sept 2022

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.457609Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.629748Z digest=sha256:ce654b71da66b60611f5f0fa69ff388bdbe8ce8abac9c3487bb9e896644f9382

Observation d108e700-5667-4a27-967c-08e7e9e8aa90 · outbound

This paper cites Explained: The Wintermute hack (September 2022), Sept 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Explained: The Wintermute hack (September 2022), Sept 2022

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.442485Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.634808Z digest=sha256:440afae11a20b699fa75479a446f8edf8a485774d4326168ddb78368eae504e0

Observation b5500d20-595c-43f4-a52c-4190a278e2d6 · outbound

This paper cites Profanity.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Profanity

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.426087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.639536Z digest=sha256:e77657a32695f5163ccc0d491f82646121c08fb20622bcb04999a8f92d43991a

Observation 66e31b13-07ac-44ca-a642-71522e49f42e · outbound

This paper cites A vulnerability disclosed in profanity, an ethereum vanity address tool.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 A vulnerability disclosed in profanity, an ethereum vanity address tool

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.410314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.644274Z digest=sha256:a816ea7b752ca70628472367c5fbeb952bfdc78fde8b19d947ddcf59064ab812

Observation d987178b-847a-42c1-893c-7a6338377fb2 · outbound

This paper cites Exploiting the profanity flaw - amber group - medium.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Exploiting the profanity flaw - amber group - medium

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.394856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.648771Z digest=sha256:de0349e02eaad6b493113e869ccc6f3bf5eb71f9d0b0b5a7271c436b43515b7c

Observation ae239f14-c27d-4cb8-a035-719cdfab04f1 · outbound

This paper cites Explained: The Harmony Horizon bridge hack, Jun 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Explained: The Harmony Horizon bridge hack, Jun 2022

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.379466Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.653273Z digest=sha256:366bdcbe82437c62ce6ae4f2de974d53ef3053d268d290f23605f55318179bfd

Observation f07bdf9c-57ad-43ef-9f32-9a99f8621a85 · outbound

This paper cites An incident response update on the horizon bridge hack, Jun 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 An incident response update on the horizon bridge hack, Jun 2022

Reference 33

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:05.927145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.657882Z digest=sha256:e86d8c8ade53c61c898b76fd25e53f563ae16800e4bf5c53a521a76af91df7de

Observation 6f843bbb-3e11-4fc2-8993-d400c98f5ee1 · outbound

This paper cites Harmony bridge update, Jun 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Harmony bridge update, Jun 2022

Reference 34

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:05.841414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.662414Z digest=sha256:c7d033974f4801883706c77354fe464b186b083e4f985c02d676c32543b3ed98

Observation 0cb174da-b233-4044-86b1-8a3a5991b2d2 · outbound

This paper cites Hack track: Analysis of ronin network exploit, Mar 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Hack track: Analysis of ronin network exploit, Mar 2022

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.362969Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.667269Z digest=sha256:a486b2bd6d78e1ef69f4a3d83c73d2e74871655f96f2d1a289366b5c1471a117

Observation fe4ffb73-16d4-4f99-8980-c1e84fe0c42e · outbound

This paper cites Election fraud? double voting in Celer’s state guardian network.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Election fraud? double voting in Celer’s state guardian network

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.347850Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.671952Z digest=sha256:631abeedb9e67d9e93fea8f97d988b2a5615ff9e0095860b02df0eb2db7c5e66

Observation 593c11a3-ef27-43b5-864a-aea74d0e42c0 · outbound

This paper cites Modeling cross- blockchain process using queueing theory: The case of cosmos.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Modeling cross- blockchain process using queueing theory: The case of cosmos

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.328853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.676515Z digest=sha256:d867d28a41c78e6f3fd63e22b309bc8028f0c4e7c9c8235842754d64814deddb

Observation 7751540a-dc24-4293-84d4-2d22a65a9341 · outbound

This paper cites Do you need a distributed ledger technology interoperability solution? Distributed Ledger Technologies: Research and Practice, 2(1):1–37, Mar 2023.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Do you need a distributed ledger technology interoperability solution? Distributed Ledger Technologies: Research and Practice, 2(1):1–37, Mar 2023

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.311708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.680923Z digest=sha256:e04ebd12b0c2da4256426fb5f1eef1b20e236109714d64099094c0435b11e2ae

Observation 14daf343-66ba-4b2d-83df-f5f4eb83f09a · outbound

This paper cites An overview on cross-chain: Mechanism, platforms, challenges and advances.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 An overview on cross-chain: Mechanism, platforms, challenges and advances

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.294691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.685465Z digest=sha256:af41bba6646340c46fedf98848356577143adfc5c9bf92fdb3c0137b779145dc

Observation 9f50a7ba-ad55-497d-9c15-e5425f0abd56 · outbound

This paper cites Knottenbelt.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Knottenbelt

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.278351Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.690086Z digest=sha256:6f2c44095fa9572831a450bee6c3656cebc8a1f2cd31584a04af9bf066a1ffde

Observation bbdc2d29-a3d7-41b7-9711-3d75ba9ba25c · outbound

This paper cites Xscope: Hunting for cross-chain bridge attacks.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Xscope: Hunting for cross-chain bridge attacks

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.260863Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.694556Z digest=sha256:d457ee61a171ad06da722c176fed463fc847b65ca78acbd1b811e57d6c462fc9

Observation aee1c22f-2a79-4e83-8346-23550723431d · outbound

This paper cites Hephaestus: Modelling, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation of Cross-Chain Transactions.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Hephaestus: Modelling, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation of Cross-Chain Transactions

Reference 42

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:05.753166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.698894Z digest=sha256:b0c43e060bb2aaeee53d7e72b29fc17b278c51b0b4e4be9e4285257a52334cb1

Observation b756c300-37fe-4d75-b8b0-a469af6e15f8 · outbound

This paper cites Hyper- ledger cactus whitepaper, Mar 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Hyper- ledger cactus whitepaper, Mar 2022

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.244553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.703733Z digest=sha256:8bec69f4bd56822a75cc3e42f46e8bff154207efdec7587712f515ac966cfc87

Observation dccc9caf-d6c7-4006-b091-66ef4504171f · outbound

This paper cites Crosschain risk framework, Dec 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 Crosschain risk framework, Dec 2022

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.227783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.708503Z digest=sha256:3037b40ba75333011d77b0835dd7b7e0236872b0c57046dc60f1f31e440de450

Observation 4e43fb0a-f687-4ac1-8670-dc98b2f09a3d · outbound

This paper cites L2bridge risk framework, 2022.

SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023 L2bridge risk framework, 2022

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:56:06.211816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-10T21:56:05.713116Z digest=sha256:3d83d1a6234d37efd93f7059d61107949ab5862102445eb0f4d68515be1a6cf0

Pith citing papers

Observation 5350d537-2818-4f05-bfbd-fc644edc46a2 · inbound

Hedge Funds on a Swamp: Analyzing Patterns, Vulnerabilities, and Defense Measures in Blockchain Bridges cites this paper.

Hedge Funds on a Swamp: Analyzing Patterns, Vulnerabilities, and Defense Measures in Blockchain Bridges SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:15:27.707963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T19:15:27.707963Z digest=sha256:c0df3e2c4cbc05680305852288a0156e51d084675c27cb22bc31f45aba096212

Observation e62f22ef-bba5-4fb7-a6d3-c827f20faf47 · inbound

The Price of Interoperability: Exploring Cross-Chain Bridges and Their Economic Consequences cites this paper.

The Price of Interoperability: Exploring Cross-Chain Bridges and Their Economic Consequences SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023

Reference 6

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T18:18:06.125675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T18:17:12.797952Z digest=sha256:67c3eb170aae1da3d4a2b72c33df5f7268e44b64927e809ad54f503862d5ecfa

Observation 0208671c-1aa5-4a78-a6c1-e2ec332bf6c4 · inbound

Bridging the Cybersecurity Gap Between Web2 and Web3 -- An Incident-Based Analysis of Organizational and Application-Level Security Failures cites this paper.

Bridging the Cybersecurity Gap Between Web2 and Web3 -- An Incident-Based Analysis of Organizational and Application-Level Security Failures SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023

Reference 6

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T09:33:10.725158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T09:30:51.110513Z digest=sha256:0bedd445f56e7970a09aa5efdad703657a4c5731ed88982843e2073cbab234ca

Observation b7d62cd9-eff1-4d53-bb6b-404141c578ed · inbound

Towards Secure and Trustworthy DAOs for Cross-Chain Governance cites this paper.

Towards Secure and Trustworthy DAOs for Cross-Chain Governance SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T20:42:53.387827Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-01T20:42:53.387827Z digest=sha256:ea2913166b3619859bc72487dc4b4b5c7149b6ec006b8398793bfcb82db08b34