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AdaOja: Adaptive Learning Rates for Streaming PCA

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arxiv 1905.12115 v2 pith:GAHD2Y22 submitted 2019-05-28 stat.ML cs.LGstat.CO

classification stat.MLcs.LGstat.CO
keywords adaojaalgorithmdatastreaminglearningmethodratecase
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Oja's algorithm has been the cornerstone of streaming methods in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) since it was first proposed in 1982. However, Oja's algorithm does not have a standardized choice of learning rate (step size) that both performs well in practice and truly conforms to the online streaming setting. In this paper, we propose a new learning rate scheme for Oja's method called AdaOja. This new algorithm requires only a single pass over the data and does not depend on knowing properties of the data set a priori. AdaOja is a novel variation of the Adagrad algorithm to Oja's algorithm in the single eigenvector case and extended to the multiple eigenvector case. We demonstrate for dense synthetic data, sparse real-world data and dense real-world data that AdaOja outperforms common learning rate choices for Oja's method. We also show that AdaOja performs comparably to state-of-the-art algorithms (History PCA and Streaming Power Method) in the same streaming PCA setting.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The Phase Transition in Online PCA Depends on $n/d\log(d)$, not $n/d$

    math.ST 2026-07 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    Oja's algorithm undergoes a sharp phase transition at n ≈ d log d / [δ(2θ²−δ)]: below the threshold the overlap with the planted direction vanishes; above it, it tends to sqrt((θ²−δ/2)/(θ²(1+δ/2))), and exactly at thr...

  2. Beyond Sin-Squared Error: Linear-Time Entrywise Uncertainty Quantification for Streaming PCA

    math.ST 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Entrywise concentration bounds, a central limit theorem, and a median-of-means variance estimator give linear-time coordinate-wise uncertainty quantification for streaming PCA with Oja's algorithm.

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