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CULTURE-GEN: Revealing Global Cultural Perception in Language Models through Natural Language Prompting

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arxiv 2404.10199 v5 pith:GI24QMQA submitted 2024-04-16 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords cultureculturesllmsgloballanguagemodelsculture-conditionedculture-gen
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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As the utilization of large language models (LLMs) has proliferated world-wide, it is crucial for them to have adequate knowledge and fair representation for diverse global cultures. In this work, we uncover culture perceptions of three SOTA models on 110 countries and regions on 8 culture-related topics through culture-conditioned generations, and extract symbols from these generations that are associated to each culture by the LLM. We discover that culture-conditioned generation consist of linguistic "markers" that distinguish marginalized cultures apart from default cultures. We also discover that LLMs have an uneven degree of diversity in the culture symbols, and that cultures from different geographic regions have different presence in LLMs' culture-agnostic generation. Our findings promote further research in studying the knowledge and fairness of global culture perception in LLMs. Code and Data can be found here: https://github.com/huihanlhh/Culture-Gen/

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. MET: Theory-Grounded and Culture-Aware Multilingual Moral Reasoning

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    MET-D self-distills theory-selected moral grounds into native-language reasoning, lifting macro-F1 by ~3.7–4.2 points on MCLASH and MMoralExceptQA while raising native-language chains by ~62 points.

  2. PALMs: Using Multi Construct-Grounded Rationales for Modeling Population Preferences in LLMs

    cs.CL 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Population Aligned Language Models (PALMs) show that masking multi-construct psychological and cultural rationales inside DPO improves country-level preference alignment by about 8.6% over baselines across five countries.

  3. When Cultures Move: Measuring and Improving Multicultural Text-to-Video Generation

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Parallel, role-specialized prompt agents improve cultural relevance in text-to-video generation, with a new cross-cultural benchmark showing the largest gains for location cues.

  4. CulFiT: A Fine-grained Cultural-aware LLM Training Paradigm via Multilingual Critique Data Synthesis

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A multilingual critique-data training paradigm with a knowledge-unit reward improves LLM cultural alignment on several benchmarks, but its headline benchmark is evaluated with the same LLM-judged metric used to select...

  5. Reward Shaping for (Inference-Time) Alignment: A Stackelberg Game Perspective

    cs.LG 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The optimal reward for KL-regularized LLM alignment is a threshold function—reward B above a prompt-dependent cutoff, 0 below—which can be estimated from base-model samples and integrated into decoding-time alignment.

  6. User Behavior Prediction as a Generic, Robust, Scalable, and Low-Cost Evaluation Strategy for Estimating Generalization in LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The authors introduce an entropy-based framework that uses user behavior prediction as a measure of LLM generalization, and find GPT-4o outperforms GPT-4o-mini and Llama-3.1 on movie and music recommendation tasks.

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