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Forgetting Transformer: Softmax Attention with a Forget Gate

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arxiv 2503.02130 v2 pith:GMQGBGNL submitted 2025-03-03 cs.LG cs.AIcs.CL

classification cs.LGcs.AIcs.CL
keywords transformerattentionrecurrentforgetforgettinggatelong-contextmodels
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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An essential component of modern recurrent sequence models is the forget gate. While Transformers do not have an explicit recurrent form, we show that a forget gate can be naturally incorporated into Transformers by down-weighting the unnormalized attention scores in a data-dependent way. We name this attention mechanism Forgetting Attention and the resulting model the Forgetting Transformer (FoX). We show that FoX outperforms the Transformer on long-context language modeling, length extrapolation, and short-context downstream tasks, while performing on par with the Transformer on long-context downstream tasks. Moreover, it is compatible with the FlashAttention algorithm and does not require any positional embeddings. Several analyses, including the needle-in-the-haystack test, show that FoX also retains the Transformer's superior long-context capabilities over recurrent sequence models such as Mamba-2, HGRN2, and DeltaNet. We also introduce a "Pro" block design that incorporates some common architectural components in recurrent sequence models and find it significantly improves the performance of both FoX and the Transformer. Our code is available at https://github.com/zhixuan-lin/forgetting-transformer.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

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    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    MesaNet uses conjugate-gradient-optimal test-time regression in a chunkwise-parallelizable recurrent layer, achieving strong language modeling and benchmark performance at up to 1B scale.

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    Raven is a linear-time sequence model whose sparse, input-dependent routing writes tokens into dedicated memory slots, preserving long-context recall and extrapolating 16x beyond training length.

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  4. Spectral Origins of the Self-Correction Blind Spot in Autoregressive Generation

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    Self-correction blind spots in residual-stream autoregressive models arise iff the product of attention Jacobians has spectral radius ≥1, with a sharp marker threshold and RL coupling condition derived from that radius.

  5. Distributed Dynamic Associative Memory via Online Convex Optimization

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    Tree-based distributed online gradient descent gives sublinear static regret and path-length-dependent dynamic regret for heterogeneous multi-agent associative memory with communication delays.

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    On 64k-token natural language training, power attention with degree 2 achieves lower loss per FLOP than both softmax attention and existing linear attention, and its GPU kernels run faster than Flash Attention at long...

  7. Understanding Transformer from the Perspective of Associative Memory

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