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MathScale: Scaling Instruction Tuning for Mathematical Reasoning

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arxiv 2403.02884 v1 pith:HH6CAGFU submitted 2024-03-05 cs.CL cs.AIcs.LG

classification cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
keywords mathmathematicalreasoningllmsmathscaleproblemsaccuracyaverage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in problem-solving. However, their proficiency in solving mathematical problems remains inadequate. We propose MathScale, a simple and scalable method to create high-quality mathematical reasoning data using frontier LLMs (e.g., {\tt GPT-3.5}). Inspired by the cognitive mechanism in human mathematical learning, it first extracts topics and knowledge points from seed math questions and then build a concept graph, which is subsequently used to generate new math questions. MathScale exhibits effective scalability along the size axis of the math dataset that we generate. As a result, we create a mathematical reasoning dataset (MathScaleQA) containing two million math question-answer pairs. To evaluate mathematical reasoning abilities of LLMs comprehensively, we construct {\sc MwpBench}, a benchmark of Math Word Problems, which is a collection of ten datasets (including GSM8K and MATH) covering K-12, college, and competition level math problems. We apply MathScaleQA to fine-tune open-source LLMs (e.g., LLaMA-2 and Mistral), resulting in significantly improved capabilities in mathematical reasoning. Evaluated on {\sc MwpBench}, MathScale-7B achieves state-of-the-art performance across all datasets, surpassing its best peers of equivalent size by 42.9\% in micro average accuracy and 43.7\% in macro average accuracy, respectively.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. SCOPE: Compress Mathematical Reasoning Steps for Efficient Automated Process Annotation

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    SCOPE compresses sampled math reasoning traces into a prefix tree of AST-normalized code steps, yielding PRM training labels at O(N) cost and improving Best-of-N and ProcessBench scores over automated baselines.

  2. $\Sigma$-Mem: An Online Reliability Memory for LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems

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    Online symmetric reliability memory for LLM multi-agent systems accumulates bounded competence and peer-relationship evidence and supports steering, routing, and weighted voting without retraining.

  3. Does Learning Mathematical Problem-Solving Generalize to Broader Reasoning?

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    Long chain-of-thought and RL training on math problems improves general reasoning benchmarks, while short chain-of-thought math fine-tuning often degrades performance.

  4. Self-Error-Instruct: Generalizing from Errors for LLMs Mathematical Reasoning

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Self-Error-Instruct clusters a model's math errors into types, synthesizes targeted practice data per type, and selects the best samples for fine-tuning, improving held-out math test accuracy.

  5. SelfAug: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Distribution Self-Alignment

    cs.CL 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Adding a KL penalty between fine-tuned and original model logits on input tokens during RAG fine-tuning reduces catastrophic forgetting while preserving downstream performance.

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  7. EdgeLoRA: An Efficient Multi-Tenant LLM Serving System on Edge Devices

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  9. MDPO: Multi-Granularity Direct Preference Optimization for Mathematical Reasoning

    cs.LG 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    MDPO applies a SimPO-style length-normalized reward to preference pairs built at solution, inference, and step granularities, yielding small accuracy gains on math benchmarks.

  10. Beyond Templates: Dynamic Adaptation of Reasoning Demonstrations via Feasibility-Aware Exploration

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    DART filters and rewrites expert reasoning demonstrations with the student model's own rollouts, then fine-tunes on those outcome-consistent adapted trajectories.

  11. Towards Concise and Adaptive Thinking in Large Reasoning Models: A Survey

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    A comprehensive review that categorizes methods for shortening and adaptively triggering chain-of-thought reasoning in large language models.

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