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A Host Galaxy Morphology Link Between Quasi-Periodic Eruptions and Tidal Disruption Events

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arxiv 2409.10486 v1 pith:OZXNPE62 submitted 2024-09-16 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA

Olivier Gilbert , John J. Ruan , Michael Eracleous , Daryl Haggard , Jessie C. Runnoe This is my paper · ORCID
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The physical processes that produce X-ray Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) recently discovered from the nuclei of several low-redshift galaxies are mysterious. Several pieces of observational evidence strongly suggest a link between QPEs and Tidal Disruption Events (TDE). Previous studies also reveal that the morphologies of TDE host galaxies are highly concentrated, with high Sersic indicies, bulge-to-total light (B/T) ratios, and stellar surface mass densities relative to the broader galaxy population. We use these distinctive properties to test the link between QPEs and TDEs, by comparing these parameters of QPE host galaxies to TDE host galaxies. We employ archival Legacy Survey images of a sample of 9 QPE host galaxies and a sample of 13 TDE host galaxies, and model their surface brightness profiles. We show that QPE host galaxies have high Sersic indices of ~3, high B/T ratios of ~0.5, and high surface mass densities of ~10^10 Msun kpc^-2. These properties are similar to TDE host galaxies, but are in strong contrast to a mass- and redshift-matched control sample of galaxies. We also find tentative evidence that the central black holes in both QPE and TDE host galaxies are undermassive relative to their stellar mass. The morphological similarities between QPE and TDE host galaxies at the population level add to the mounting evidence of a physical link between these phenomena, and favor QPE models that also invoke TDEs.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. A Torus Remnant Revealed by the Infrared Echo of Tidal Disruption Event AT 2019qiz: Implications for the Missing Energy and Quasiperiodic Eruption Formation

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The infrared echo of AT 2019qiz reveals parsec-scale dust, implying a remnant AGN torus and a peak luminosity much higher than the optical output, which points to missing extreme-ultraviolet energy.

  2. Time-resolved Hubble Space Telescope UV observations of an X-ray quasi-periodic eruption source

    astro-ph.HE 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Time-resolved HST far-UV observations of the QPE source eRO-QPE2 reveal a steady bright FUV point source consistent with a compact TDE-like accretion disk, ruling out classic AGN-disk and no-disk interpretations.

  3. Observations of X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    X-ray observations of the 13 known QPE sources show a coherent class of thermal eruptions on compact disks, with host galaxies and rates pointing to a tidal disruption event connection.

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