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Laser M\"ossbauer spectroscopy of ²²⁹Th
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M\"ossbauer spectroscopy is widely used in biochemistry, geology, and solid-state physics to obtain structural information on materials. Here, we extend this technique into the optical range using a vacuum ultraviolet laser to probe the low-energy nuclear transitions of thorium-229, doped in calcium fluoride crystals. We discover four distinct doping sites for the thorium ions, determine the characteristic electric field gradients emerging in the interaction with the host crystal, and identify the microscopic structure of the two dominant configurations. Site-selective laser excitation allows to study the isomeric state lifetime and laser-induced quenching for all sites. This laser-based M\"ossbauer spectroscopy provides a powerful probe of the nuclear environment, yielding foundational data for designing future solid-state nuclear clocks.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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A thorium-229 optical nuclear clock with feedback loop
A functional thorium-229 optical nuclear clock is demonstrated in a solid-state crystal with shot-noise limited performance and applied to dark matter constraints.
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Continuous-wave nuclear laser absorption spectroscopy of Thorium-229
Continuous-wave laser excitation and absorption detection of the Th-229 nuclear isomeric transition in doped crystals, with characterization of two Th centers showing different isomeric shifts and one with unusually l...
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A nuclear clock based on $^{229}$Th
First demonstration of a solid-state ²²⁹Th nuclear clock with laser locking to the nuclear transition yielding 2×10^{-12} fractional instability and 10^{-13} reproducibility between crystals.
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Record nonlinear conversion efficiency in the production of high spectral purity vacuum ultraviolet laser at 148 nm
Demonstration of record conversion efficiency for a 148 nm VUV frequency comb using 16th-harmonic generation in a bulk-grown QPM crystal.
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Colloquium: Nuclear clocks
Colloquium overview of Th-229 nuclear clock development, covering its nuclear physics basis, recent direct laser excitation, clock design and systematics in traps and solids, and sensitivity to fundamental constant va...
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