Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.02579.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.02579 v2

Coverage vector

measured 42 of 42 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.426219Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-09T19:55:16.880044Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T15:26:22.026343Z

Reference resolution

42 of 42 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy23
unresolved13
parse uncertain2
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 231faf64-e11e-463b-bd6b-9b080dbecdce · outbound

This paper cites Approximate Causal Abstractions.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Approximate Causal Abstractions

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.142961Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 391b57a2-a503-43f8-b1da-a57bffdb9661 · outbound

This paper cites Causal models with constraints.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causal models with constraints

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.118555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8618e8cd-4d7c-4c67-b3d1-19c0d21e3578 · outbound

This paper cites Abstracting Causal Models.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Abstracting Causal Models

Reference 3

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d7437d42-c343-4141-9ea8-b21786e33138 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond structural causal models: Causal constraints models.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Beyond structural causal models: Causal constraints models

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.106708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6c8647b7-30eb-4d98-a0c5-8136c284adf2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.094623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4f705931-dee9-42a7-bb33-30cc94d963d8 · outbound

This paper cites Metacognitive Capabilities of LLMs: An Exploration in Mathematical Problem Solving.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Metacognitive Capabilities of LLMs: An Exploration in Mathematical Problem Solving

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.288213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 9e439f08-edd8-492d-9c7e-b9e634b19522 · outbound

This paper cites Agent Incentives: A Causal Perspective.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Agent Incentives: A Causal Perspective

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.490126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6e1b9d21-5b5f-40df-bef6-1176812d77dc · outbound

This paper cites Temporal Inference with Finite Factored Sets.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Temporal Inference with Finite Factored Sets

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e44f166a-e856-466f-9106-7dacbddeacb6 · outbound

This paper cites Causal Abstraction: A Theoretical Foundation for Mechanistic Interpretability.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causal Abstraction: A Theoretical Foundation for Mechanistic Interpretability

Reference 9

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bd0f25bb-c9ba-4069-97e1-fa101e945c14 · outbound

This paper cites Causal abstractions of neural networks.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causal abstractions of neural networks

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.082464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4c88e942-5267-4882-a758-fad01972bcef · outbound

This paper cites Identifying independence in Bayesian networks.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Identifying independence in Bayesian networks

Reference 11

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d24eb92d-9b4b-43e0-b932-590ab0c61452 · outbound

This paper cites Reconstructing constructivism: causal models, Bayesian learning mechanisms, and the theory theory.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Reconstructing constructivism: causal models, Bayesian learning mechanisms, and the theory theory

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.058678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3220cbd9-e7fb-4bf0-9639-9ef5c6c69df5 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know

Reference 13

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e4336fd7-656a-4791-a37b-5781de5bd80d · outbound

This paper cites Discovering agents.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Discovering agents

Reference 14

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bb50ffd9-0316-4032-b094-e9b56a4aaf76 · outbound

This paper cites Probabilistic graphical models: principles and techniques.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Probabilistic graphical models: principles and techniques

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.046289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 383f923c-7ede-4c1f-9992-f432f88fe7b5 · outbound

This paper cites Causal Inference via Algebraic Geometry: Feasibility Tests for Functional Causal Structures with Two Binary Observed Variables.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causal Inference via Algebraic Geometry: Feasibility Tests for Functional Causal Structures with Two Binary Observed Variables

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.476783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3c828883-c9b8-4a1c-ba17-2faf76c6cdd6 · outbound

This paper cites Causality.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causality

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.018329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 04f06ce5-5265-495f-8c27-93de0a0fb60d · outbound

This paper cites Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.003953Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation df1156ae-d6d8-48f4-b667-f43d03c6030b · outbound

This paper cites Graphoids: Graph-Based Logic for Reasoning about Relevance Relations or When would x tell you more about y if you already know z?.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Graphoids: Graph-Based Logic for Reasoning about Relevance Relations or When would x tell you more about y if you already know z?

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.976468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f93964fe-a400-4ee8-ad12-c7dae642311a · outbound

This paper cites Elements of causal inference: foundations and learning algorithms.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Elements of causal inference: foundations and learning algorithms

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.964274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 24b75186-2ab7-4483-a4d6-1e759ba57058 · outbound

This paper cites Robust agents learn causal world models.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Robust agents learn causal world models

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.952282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 61bbd968-996e-423a-8aa6-6ce60dfbf3cf · outbound

This paper cites Causal Consistency of Structural Equation Models.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causal Consistency of Structural Equation Models

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.939288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 18a50602-8ec5-4bc6-80b2-b388d49ccdf6 · outbound

This paper cites Toward Causal Representation Learning.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Toward Causal Representation Learning

Reference 23

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 24102161-19f0-481f-9c17-c4844f17ba04 · outbound

This paper cites Causality in thought.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causality in thought

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.926720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation e166f0fb-2353-46ec-8df3-93bb35df0286 · outbound

This paper cites Causation, prediction, and search.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Causation, prediction, and search

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.915143Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 02cff577-2cc7-4bd9-967f-c16faaf5f2a3 · outbound

This paper cites Data mining: practical machine learning tools and techniques with Java implemen- tations.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Data mining: practical machine learning tools and techniques with Java implemen- tations

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.903140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a12fa520-975c-4878-bab0-d3b1f8075769 · outbound

This paper cites Abstraction between Structural Causal Models: A Review of Definitions and Properties.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Abstraction between Structural Causal Models: A Review of Definitions and Properties

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.376155Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation baf0a6b8-2c68-4f88-9d48-31980835d1fa · outbound

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Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2abf1c20-6bbf-46bf-91b7-2dbe5dc6af8c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.878423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 434e1007-898b-4a26-aee9-38348d459f34 · outbound

This paper cites Note that P and Q do not have to factorize over Ω here.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Note that P and Q do not have to factorize over Ω here

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.864824Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 45e9c250-6170-4f93-9d63-afc95137f027 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.852958Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 38d796c1-7188-4982-807a-2f71d07b9abf · outbound

This paper cites By 2., we have supp(P ) = supp(PJ ) × supp(PJ ) ⊆ supp(QJ ) × supp(PJ ) = supp(Q).

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction By 2., we have supp(P ) = supp(PJ ) × supp(PJ ) ⊆ supp(QJ ) × supp(PJ ) = supp(Q)

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.841305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation db5a6071-66df-4a33-ae0a-9ea7f7ab8482 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.828595Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 91b259a5-a3db-4cee-a712-f234ce48b782 · outbound

This paper cites , q} and j ∈ I, set P k j := P k−1 j if j ̸= jk Qj if j = jk.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction , q} and j ∈ I, set P k j := P k−1 j if j ̸= jk Qj if j = jk

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.816658Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a34105d6-1454-4d33-ba79-12849917f5e8 · outbound

This paper cites Note that by construction, we have that P q = Q, and also P k−1 and P k can only differ in jk.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Note that by construction, we have that P q = Q, and also P k−1 and P k can only differ in jk

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.803534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 31124fe2-7723-4e5d-95e8-9910a7e21751 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.790494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation efcc89bd-57f1-4cf0-870e-0da0387cd6a5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: parse uncertain; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.776550Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2caab558-3259-454f-b6fa-6ca65e6a79b6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.765116Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 92e9372a-58d4-4259-909f-28dffe3c98ee · outbound

This paper cites For 2., we need to show that (δα ⊗ PJ ) ∈ △⊗(Ω) and (δα ⊗ PJ )(C) > 0.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction For 2., we need to show that (δα ⊗ PJ ) ∈ △⊗(Ω) and (δα ⊗ PJ )(C) > 0

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.754149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 554b2efd-dfcb-455f-9e4e-fc6358911a59 · outbound

This paper cites 13 Factored space models arxiv preprint.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction 13 Factored space models arxiv preprint

Reference 1988

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:45.989843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation c7267c96-519c-468b-8306-cc4e85bcb478 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction Unresolved cited work

Reference 2009

Resolution: parse uncertain; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.031581Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8e767e5a-ee40-472e-880f-ef551e3c6c19 · outbound

This paper cites by Amir Globerson and Ricardo Silva.

Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction by Amir Globerson and Ricardo Silva

Reference 2019

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:28:46.130409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 3266f525-e5f1-4105-afc3-a052f36fe88b · inbound

Causal Foundations of Collective Agency cites this paper.

Causal Foundations of Collective Agency Factored space models: Towards causality between levels of abstraction

Reference 20

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T15:26:22.076334Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.