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Based on economic theories and integrated with machine learning technology, this study explores a collaborative Supply Chain Management and Financial Supply Chain Management (SCM - FSCM) model to solve issues like efficiency loss, financing constraints, and risk transmission. We combine Transaction Cost and Information Asymmetry theories and use algorithms such as random forests to process multi-dimensional data and build a data-driven, three-dimensional (cost-efficiency-risk) analysis framework. We then apply an FSCM model of "core enterprise credit empowerment plus dynamic pledge financing." We use Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for demand forecasting and clustering/regression algorithms for benefit allocation. The study also combines Game Theory and reinforcement learning to optimize the inventory-procurement mechanism and uses eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for credit assessment to enable rapid monetization of inventory. Verified with 20 core and 100 supporting enterprises, the results show a 30\% increase in inventory turnover, an 18\%-22\% decrease in SME financing costs, a stable order fulfillment rate above 95\%, and excellent model performance (demand forecasting error <= 8\%, credit assessment accuracy >= 90\%). This SCM-FSCM model effectively reduces operating costs, alleviates financing constraints, and supports high-quality supply chain development.