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arxiv: 2311.03637 · v1 · pith:USITTAF2new · submitted 2023-11-07 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE

The detection of polarized x-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 2259+586

Jeremy Heyl , Roberto Taverna , Roberto Turolla , Gian Luca Israel , Mason Ng , Demet Kirmizibayrak , Denis Gonz\'alez-Caniulef , Ilaria Caiazzo
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Silvia Zane Steven R. Ehlert Michela Negro Iv\'an Agudo Lucio Angelo Antonelli Matteo Bachetti Luca Baldini Wayne H. Baumgartner Ronaldo Bellazzini Stefano Bianchi Stephen D. Bongiorno Raffaella Bonino Alessandro Brez Niccol\`o Bucciantini Fiamma Capitanio Simone Castellano Elisabetta Cavazzuti Chien-Ting Chen Stefano Ciprini Enrico Costa Alessandra De Rosa Ettore Del Monte Laura Di Gesu Niccol\`o Di Lalla Alessandro Di Marco Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Michal Dov\v{c}iak Teruaki Enoto Yuri Evangelista Sergio Fabiani Riccardo Ferrazzoli Javier A. Garcia Shuichi Gunji Kiyoshi Hayashida Wataru Iwakiri Svetlana G. Jorstad Philip Kaaret Vladimir Karas Fabian Kislat Takao Kitaguchi Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak Henric Krawczynski Fabio La Monaca Luca Latronico Ioannis Liodakis Simone Maldera Alberto Manfreda Fr\'ed\'eric Marin Andrea Marinucci Alan P. Marscher Herman L. Marshall Francesco Massaro Giorgio Matt Ikuyuki Mitsuishi Tsunefumi Mizuno Fabio Muleri C.-Y. Ng Stephen L. O'Dell Nicola Omodei Chiara Oppedisano Alessandro Papitto George G. Pavlov Abel Lawrence Peirson Matteo Perri Melissa Pesce-Rollins Pierre-Olivier Petrucci Maura Pilia Andrea Possenti Juri Poutanen Simonetta Puccetti Brian D. Ramsey John Rankin Ajay Ratheesh Oliver J. Roberts Roger W. Romani Carmelo Sgr\`o Patrick Slane Paolo Soffitta Gloria Spandre Douglas A. Swartz Toru Tamagawa Fabrizio Tavecchio Yuzuru Tawara Allyn F. Tennant Nicholas E. Thomas Francesco Tombesi Alessio Trois Sergey S. Tsygankov Jacco Vink Martin C. Weisskopf Kinwah Wu Fei Xie
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.HE
keywords polarizedmagnetarsourceemissionminimumpolarizationprimaryradiation
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We report on IXPE, NICER and XMM-Newton observations of the magnetar 1E 2259+586. We find that the source is significantly polarized at about or above 20% for all phases except for the secondary peak where it is more weakly polarized. The polarization degree is strongest during the primary minimum which is also the phase where an absorption feature has been identified previously (Pizzocaro et al. 2019). The polarization angle of the photons are consistent with a rotating vector model with a mode switch between the primary minimum and the rest of the rotation of the neutron star. We propose a scenario in which the emission at the source is weakly polarized (as in a condensed surface) and, as the radiation passes through a plasma arch, resonant cyclotron scattering off of protons produces the observed polarized radiation. This confirms the magnetar nature of the source with a surface field greater than about 10<sup>15</sup> G

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