REVIEW 35 cited by
GRAVITY AND GLOBAL SYMMETRIES
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There exists a widely spread notion that gravitational effects can strongly violate global symmetries. It may lead to many important consequences. We will argue, in particular, that nonperturbative gravitational effects in the axion theory lead to a strong violation of CP invariance unless they are suppressed by an extremely small factor 10^{-82}. One could hope that this problem disappears if one represents the global symmetry of a pseudoscalar axion field as a gauge symmetry of the Ogievetsky-Polubarinov-Kalb-Ramond antisymmetric tensor field. We will show, however, that this gauge symmetry does not protect the axion mass from quantum corrections. The amplitude of gravitational effects violating global symmetries could be strongly suppressed by e^{-S}, where S is the action of a wormhole which may eat the global charge. Unfortunately, in a wide variety of theories based on the Einstein theory of gravity the action appears to be fairly small, S = O(10). However, we have found that the existence of wormholes and the value of their action are extremely sensitive to the structure of space on the nearly Planckian scale. We consider several examples (Kaluza-Klein theory, conformal anomaly, R^2 terms) which show that modifications of the Einstein theory on the length scale l ~ 10 M_P^{-1} may strongly suppress violation of global symmetries. We have found also that in string theory there exists an additional suppression of topology change by the factor e^{-{8\pi^2\over g^2}}. This effect is strong enough to save the axion theory for the natural values of the stringy gauge coupling constant.
Forward citations
Cited by 35 Pith papers
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The absence of global anomalies of CP symmetry
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Universal Seesaw Leptogenesis
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A High-Quality Axion from Exact SUSY Chiral Dynamics
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Feebly-Interacting Peccei-Quinn Model
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Dark Photons from Perturbative Decay of a Misaligned Higgs Field
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A missing link: Brane networks and the Cobordism Conjecture
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Bordisms between 9d type IIB supergravities and commutator widths of duality groups
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Does hot QCD have a conformal manifold in the chiral limit?
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Towards theory constraints on ultralight dark matter from quantum gravity
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Relative Quantum Gravity: Localized Gravity and the Swampland
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Gauge invariance and generalised $\eta$ regularisation
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Morse-Bott inequalities, Topology Change and Cobordisms to Nothing
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The Minimal High-Quality QCD Axion
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Minimal Majoron Dark Matter from a Discrete $Z_N$ Gauge Symmetry
Discrete Z_N-protected majoron dark matter excludes Z_5, leaves Z_7/Z_11/Z_13 viable, and predicts a 1–10 MeV Z_7 majoron testable by COSI through 511 keV and γγ lines.
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High-Quality Axion Dark Matter at Gravitational Wave Interferometers
In gauged U(1) completions enabling high-quality axion dark matter, cosmic string loops generate a stochastic gravitational wave background with an infrared break frequency that exceeds foregrounds above 10^14 GeV bre...
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Impact of First-order Electroweak Phase Transition on QCD Axion
A temporary axion mass spike during a first-order electroweak phase transition can make the QCD axion dark matter over a wide range of decay constants without a tuned initial angle.
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Type II Seesaw Leptogenesis in a Majoron background
Spontaneous wash-in leptogenesis in Type II Seesaw with Majoron pNGB background enables baryon asymmetry generation alongside dark matter cogenesis for specific v_T, v_sigma and m_j ranges.
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About electroweak domain walls in Majoron models
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Minimal Dirac seesaw dark matter
A Z4-symmetric Dirac seesaw makes the imaginary part of a seesaw scalar a stable dark matter candidate and links its phenomenology to gravitational wave and CMB observables.
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Dark Matter and Naturalness
A dark SU(3)xSU(2) gauge theory with one generation of chiral fermions naturally produces stable dark baryons with mass around 150 TeV as the dark matter.
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Engineering a Digital Twin for the Monitoring and Control of Beer Fermentation Sampling
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Dark Matter and CP Violation in Some Symmetry-Constrained 3HDMs
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Progress in Einstein-Cartan gravity
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Asymmetries from a charged memory-burdened PBH
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Axions at the meV Crossroads: Theory, Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Experiments
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The landscape of QCD axion models
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