Pith Number

pith:4WUOT4SG

pith:2025:4WUOT4SGIULIEHNHL7HKTWTHBO

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Stability of dark solitons in a bubble Bose-Einstein condensate

Arnaldo Gammal, Dmitry Pelinovsky, Lauro Tomio, Raphael Wictky Sallatti

Dark solitons on a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate become unstable above a threshold in nonlinear strength and decay into vortex pairs through a single unstable mode for each angular momentum m at least 2.

arxiv:2511.04385 v2 · 2025-11-06 · cond-mat.quant-gas

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Claims

C1strongest claim

Analytically and numerically, we prove this decay is dictated by a single unstable mode for each angular momentum m ≥ 2, which is a universal mechanism that controls the resulting vortex state.

C2weakest assumption

The condensate is perfectly confined to an infinitesimally thin spherical shell so that the dynamics reduce to an effective 2D nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the sphere; any finite thickness or radial excitations would alter the mode spectrum and possibly the instability threshold.

C3one line summary

Dark solitons on a spherical bubble BEC remain stable only below a critical nonlinear parameter and decay into vortex dipoles via a single unstable mode for each m ≥ 2, unlike full 3D cases that produce vortex rings.

References

55 extracted · 55 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] For each angular modem, the threshold values [whereIm(ω m) = 0] ofεare given, withε m being the exact numerical results andεth m given by the analytical approxima- tion (16) 2024

[2] D. C. Aveline, J. R. Williams, E. R. Elliott, C. Dutenhof- fer, J. R. Kellogg, J. M. Kohel, N. E. Lay, K. Oudrhiri, R. F. Shotwell, N. Yu, and R. J. Thompson, Observation of Bose–Einstein condensates 2020

[3] R. A. Carollo, D. C. Aveline, B. Rhyno, S. Vishveshwara, C. Lannert, J. D. Murphree, E. R. Elliott, J. R. Williams, R. J. Thompson, and N. Lundblad, Observation of ultra- cold atomic bubbles in orbita 2022

[4] O. Zobay and B. M. Garraway, Two-dimensional atom trapping in field-induced adiabatic potentials, Phys. Rev. Lett.86, 1195 (2001) 2001

[5] Y. Colombe, B. Mercier, H. Perrin and V. Lorent, Loading adressedZeemantrapwithcoldatoms, J.Phys.IVFrance 116, 247 (2004) 2004

Formal links

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Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-01T01:02:24.900710Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

e5a8e9f2464516821da75fcea9da670baeed94aa8f86a7f8fe60501de6d48672

Aliases

arxiv: 2511.04385 · arxiv_version: 2511.04385v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2511.04385 · pith_short_12: 4WUOT4SGIULI · pith_short_16: 4WUOT4SGIULIEHNH · pith_short_8: 4WUOT4SG

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/4WUOT4SGIULIEHNHL7HKTWTHBO \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: e5a8e9f2464516821da75fcea9da670baeed94aa8f86a7f8fe60501de6d48672

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "c90fa7e19d7978bd1c6a006844b329e5177f12720e0b3666e8e23cf60a74a7f6",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cond-mat.quant-gas",
    "submitted_at": "2025-11-06T14:09:59Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "47c45c9ebb566ff7b88441dd4b9451ebe8fa3b94277d81a11556f4996606e292"
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  "source": {
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    "kind": "arxiv",
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}