SDP constructs a task-induced state space from raw text by having agents commit to and certify natural-language predicates as states, enabling structured planning and analysis in unstructured language environments.
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Describe, Explain, Plan and Select: Interactive Planning with Large Language Models Enables Open-World Multi-Task Agents
Canonical reference. 82% of citing Pith papers cite this work as background.
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Pith papers citing it
Background
82% of classified citations
abstract
We investigate the challenge of task planning for multi-task embodied agents in open-world environments. Two main difficulties are identified: 1) executing plans in an open-world environment (e.g., Minecraft) necessitates accurate and multi-step reasoning due to the long-term nature of tasks, and 2) as vanilla planners do not consider how easy the current agent can achieve a given sub-task when ordering parallel sub-goals within a complicated plan, the resulting plan could be inefficient or even infeasible. To this end, we propose "$\underline{D}$escribe, $\underline{E}$xplain, $\underline{P}$lan and $\underline{S}$elect" ($\textbf{DEPS}$), an interactive planning approach based on Large Language Models (LLMs). DEPS facilitates better error correction on initial LLM-generated $\textit{plan}$ by integrating $\textit{description}$ of the plan execution process and providing self-$\textit{explanation}$ of feedback when encountering failures during the extended planning phases. Furthermore, it includes a goal $\textit{selector}$, which is a trainable module that ranks parallel candidate sub-goals based on the estimated steps of completion, consequently refining the initial plan. Our experiments mark the milestone of the first zero-shot multi-task agent that can robustly accomplish 70+ Minecraft tasks and nearly double the overall performances. Further testing reveals our method's general effectiveness in popularly adopted non-open-ended domains as well (i.e., ALFWorld and tabletop manipulation). The ablation and exploratory studies detail how our design beats the counterparts and provide a promising update on the $\texttt{ObtainDiamond}$ grand challenge with our approach. The code is released at https://github.com/CraftJarvis/MC-Planner.
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representative citing papers
VLATIM benchmark reveals large VLMs excel at high-level planning in physics puzzles but struggle with precise visual grounding and mouse control, so they lack human-like problem-solving capabilities.
World2Minecraft turns real scenes into Minecraft worlds via occupancy prediction and releases a large indoor occupancy dataset to improve such models.
Large multimodal models display emerging but limited spatial action capabilities in goal-oriented urban 3D navigation, remaining far from human-level performance with errors diverging rapidly after critical decision points.
GUIDE decomposes GUI agent evaluation into trajectory segmentation, subtask diagnosis, and overall summary to deliver higher accuracy and structured error reports than holistic baselines.
UniSim learns a universal real-world simulator from orchestrated diverse datasets, enabling zero-shot deployment of policies trained purely in simulation.
Voyager achieves superior lifelong learning in Minecraft by combining an automatic exploration curriculum, a library of executable skills, and iterative LLM prompting with environment feedback, yielding 3.3x more unique items and 15.3x faster milestone unlocks than prior methods while generalizing技能
LLM+P lets LLMs solve planning problems optimally by converting them to PDDL for classical planners and back to natural language.
GILP combines a small parameterized world model with LLM agent reasoning via a consistency gate, reducing hallucinated-state rate from 0.176 to 0.035 and raising success from 0.668 to 0.838 on graph planning benchmarks.
Ada-Diffuser is a causal diffusion model that jointly learns observed interaction structure and underlying latent dynamics from minimal observations for adaptive planning and policy learning.
AgentChord models manipulation tasks as directed graphs enriched with anticipatory recovery branches, using specialized agents to enable immediate, low-latency failure responses and improve success on long-horizon bimanual tasks.
The paper systematizes agentic skills beyond tool use, providing design pattern and representation-scope taxonomies plus security analysis of malicious skill infiltration in agent marketplaces.
Evo-Memory is a new streaming benchmark and evaluation framework for self-evolving memory in LLM agents, unifying over ten memory modules and introducing the ReMem pipeline for continual improvement on multi-turn and reasoning datasets.
A decision-theoretic model based on the observed Confirmation-Diagnosis-Correction-Redo user pattern places intermediate confirmations in AI agent tasks, yielding 81% user preference and 13.54% faster completion versus confirm-at-end.
OS-Atlas, trained on the largest open-source cross-platform GUI grounding corpus of 13 million elements, outperforms prior open-source models on six benchmarks across mobile, desktop, and web platforms.
This is the first survey on vision-language-action models, providing a taxonomy across three lines, plus summaries of datasets, simulators, benchmarks, challenges, and future directions in embodied AI.
A survey of LLM-based autonomous agents that proposes a unified framework for their construction and reviews applications in social science, natural science, and engineering along with evaluation methods and future directions.
GITM uses LLMs to generate action plans from text knowledge and memory, enabling agents to complete long-horizon Minecraft tasks at much higher success rates than prior RL methods.
RAP turns LLMs into dual world-model and planning agents via MCTS to generate better reasoning paths, outperforming CoT baselines and achieving 33% relative gains over GPT-4 CoT using LLaMA-33B on plan generation.
Pre-trained LLMs using recursive criticism and improvement prompting achieve state-of-the-art results on the MiniWoB++ computer task benchmark with only a handful of demonstrations and no task-specific reward function.
PaLM-E is a single 562B-parameter multimodal model that performs embodied reasoning tasks like robotic manipulation planning and visual question answering by interleaving vision, state, and text inputs with positive transfer from joint training on language and robotics data.
RePlan-Bot achieves state-of-the-art results on the ALFRED benchmark for embodied instruction following by integrating LLM-based auditing, commonsense map search, and ViT action correction.
Temporal conditioning in three LLM-based planner architectures for AV scene-to-plan reasoning yields no statistically significant gains on NLP correctness metrics but enables predictive hazard reasoning and stable corrections on BDD-X subsets.
Gated escalation and partitioned states enable more efficient multi-agent collaboration in Minecraft by making communication selective rather than automatic.
citing papers explorer
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State-Centric Decision Process
SDP constructs a task-induced state space from raw text by having agents commit to and certify natural-language predicates as states, enabling structured planning and analysis in unstructured language environments.
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Do Vision-Language-Models show human-like logical problem-solving capability in point and click puzzle games?
VLATIM benchmark reveals large VLMs excel at high-level planning in physics puzzles but struggle with precise visual grounding and mouse control, so they lack human-like problem-solving capabilities.
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World2Minecraft: Occupancy-Driven Simulated Scenes Construction
World2Minecraft turns real scenes into Minecraft worlds via occupancy prediction and releases a large indoor occupancy dataset to improve such models.
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How Far Are Large Multimodal Models from Human-Level Spatial Action? A Benchmark for Goal-Oriented Embodied Navigation in Urban Airspace
Large multimodal models display emerging but limited spatial action capabilities in goal-oriented urban 3D navigation, remaining far from human-level performance with errors diverging rapidly after critical decision points.
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GUIDE: Interpretable GUI Agent Evaluation via Hierarchical Diagnosis
GUIDE decomposes GUI agent evaluation into trajectory segmentation, subtask diagnosis, and overall summary to deliver higher accuracy and structured error reports than holistic baselines.
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Learning Interactive Real-World Simulators
UniSim learns a universal real-world simulator from orchestrated diverse datasets, enabling zero-shot deployment of policies trained purely in simulation.
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Voyager: An Open-Ended Embodied Agent with Large Language Models
Voyager achieves superior lifelong learning in Minecraft by combining an automatic exploration curriculum, a library of executable skills, and iterative LLM prompting with environment feedback, yielding 3.3x more unique items and 15.3x faster milestone unlocks than prior methods while generalizing技能
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LLM+P: Empowering Large Language Models with Optimal Planning Proficiency
LLM+P lets LLMs solve planning problems optimally by converting them to PDDL for classical planners and back to natural language.
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Grounded Iterative Language Planning: How Parameterized World Models Reduce Hallucination Propagation in LLM Agents
GILP combines a small parameterized world model with LLM agent reasoning via a consistency gate, reducing hallucinated-state rate from 0.176 to 0.035 and raising success from 0.668 to 0.838 on graph planning benchmarks.
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Ada-Diffuser: Latent-Aware Adaptive Diffusion for Decision-Making
Ada-Diffuser is a causal diffusion model that jointly learns observed interaction structure and underlying latent dynamics from minimal observations for adaptive planning and policy learning.
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From Reaction to Anticipation: Proactive Failure Recovery through Agentic Task Graph for Robotic Manipulation
AgentChord models manipulation tasks as directed graphs enriched with anticipatory recovery branches, using specialized agents to enable immediate, low-latency failure responses and improve success on long-horizon bimanual tasks.
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SoK: Agentic Skills -- Beyond Tool Use in LLM Agents
The paper systematizes agentic skills beyond tool use, providing design pattern and representation-scope taxonomies plus security analysis of malicious skill infiltration in agent marketplaces.
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Evo-Memory: Benchmarking LLM Agent Test-time Learning with Self-Evolving Memory
Evo-Memory is a new streaming benchmark and evaluation framework for self-evolving memory in LLM agents, unifying over ten memory modules and introducing the ReMem pipeline for continual improvement on multi-turn and reasoning datasets.
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When Should Users Check? Modeling Confirmation Frequency inMulti-Step Agentic AI Tasks
A decision-theoretic model based on the observed Confirmation-Diagnosis-Correction-Redo user pattern places intermediate confirmations in AI agent tasks, yielding 81% user preference and 13.54% faster completion versus confirm-at-end.
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OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agents
OS-Atlas, trained on the largest open-source cross-platform GUI grounding corpus of 13 million elements, outperforms prior open-source models on six benchmarks across mobile, desktop, and web platforms.
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A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models for Embodied AI
This is the first survey on vision-language-action models, providing a taxonomy across three lines, plus summaries of datasets, simulators, benchmarks, challenges, and future directions in embodied AI.
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A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agents
A survey of LLM-based autonomous agents that proposes a unified framework for their construction and reviews applications in social science, natural science, and engineering along with evaluation methods and future directions.
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Ghost in the Minecraft: Generally Capable Agents for Open-World Environments via Large Language Models with Text-based Knowledge and Memory
GITM uses LLMs to generate action plans from text knowledge and memory, enabling agents to complete long-horizon Minecraft tasks at much higher success rates than prior RL methods.
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Reasoning with Language Model is Planning with World Model
RAP turns LLMs into dual world-model and planning agents via MCTS to generate better reasoning paths, outperforming CoT baselines and achieving 33% relative gains over GPT-4 CoT using LLaMA-33B on plan generation.
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Language Models can Solve Computer Tasks
Pre-trained LLMs using recursive criticism and improvement prompting achieve state-of-the-art results on the MiniWoB++ computer task benchmark with only a handful of demonstrations and no task-specific reward function.
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PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model
PaLM-E is a single 562B-parameter multimodal model that performs embodied reasoning tasks like robotic manipulation planning and visual question answering by interleaving vision, state, and text inputs with positive transfer from joint training on language and robotics data.
-
RePlan-Bot: Multi-Level Replanning for Embodied Instruction Following
RePlan-Bot achieves state-of-the-art results on the ALFRED benchmark for embodied instruction following by integrating LLM-based auditing, commonsense map search, and ViT action correction.
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From Prompts to Pavement Through Time: Temporal Grounding in Agentic Scene-to-Plan Reasoning
Temporal conditioning in three LLM-based planner architectures for AV scene-to-plan reasoning yields no statistically significant gains on NLP correctness metrics but enables predictive hazard reasoning and stable corrections on BDD-X subsets.
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Gated Coordination for Efficient Multi-Agent Collaboration in Minecraft Game
Gated escalation and partitioned states enable more efficient multi-agent collaboration in Minecraft by making communication selective rather than automatic.
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Your LLM Agents are Temporally Blind: The Misalignment Between Tool Use Decisions and Human Time Perception
LLM agents exhibit temporal blindness, achieving no better than 65% normalized alignment with human preferences on tool-use decisions across time-sensitive scenarios in the new TicToc dataset.
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EvolvingAgent: Curriculum Self-evolving Agent with Continual World Model for Long-Horizon Tasks
EvolvingAgent autonomously completes long-horizon tasks via a closed-loop planner-controller-reflector system with continual world model updates, reporting 111.74% higher success rates than baselines in Minecraft and human-level Atari performance.
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BCER Agent: Reliable Long-Horizon MRI Workflow Execution via Compilation, Artifact Binding, and Bounded Local Recovery
BCER agent improves end-to-end reliability of long-horizon MRI workflows via compilation, artifact binding, and bounded local recovery, outperforming reactive baselines especially on long-chain tasks across brain, prostate, and cardiac benchmarks.
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From Prompts to Pavement: LMMs-based Agentic Behavior-Tree Generation Framework for Autonomous Vehicles
An agentic LLM/LVM framework generates adaptive behavior trees on-the-fly for AV navigation in CARLA+Nav2 simulation, succeeding in obstacle avoidance where static BTs fail.
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Agent AI: Surveying the Horizons of Multimodal Interaction
The paper defines Agent AI as interactive multimodal systems that perceive grounded data and generate embodied actions, arguing this approach can mitigate hallucinations in foundation models.
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The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Survey
The paper surveys the origins, frameworks, applications, and open challenges of AI agents built on large language models.
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A Survey on Knowledge Distillation of Large Language Models
A comprehensive survey of knowledge distillation for LLMs structured around algorithms, skill enhancement, and vertical applications, highlighting data augmentation as a key enabler.
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Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systems
This survey frames foundation agents using brain-inspired modular architectures and reviews challenges in evolution, collaboration, and safety.
- MMSkills: Towards Multimodal Skills for General Visual Agents
- A Comprehensive Survey on Agent Skills: Taxonomy, Techniques, and Applications