In the NJL model with exact phase-space diagonalization, magnetic catalysis of the chiral condensate quenches the tachyonic instability of the spin-aligned rho+ by driving the 2M threshold above the Zeeman-lowered mass, preventing condensation.
Endrodi,QCD with background electromagnetic fields on the lattice: A review,Prog
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In the two-flavor linear sigma model with quarks, the chiral phase transition at T=0 is first order and occurs at a quark chemical potential equal to the vacuum quark mass.
Continuum-extrapolated lattice simulations show monotonic magnetic catalysis in chiral condensates, non-monotonic charged-meson mass response, and valence-quark dominance at zero temperature up to eB ≈ 1.2 GeV².
The disagreement between two definitions of electric susceptibility in hot QCD stems from infrared regularization and thermodynamic ensemble choices, as shown by exact fermion propagator calculations and a hadron resonance gas model.
A quark-meson model with lattice-fitted temperature-dependent quark masses and anomalous magnetic moments reproduces the magnetic susceptibility of hot hadronic matter up to the QCD crossover, showing quarks are active below 120 MeV.
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Chiral Properties of $(2\!+\!1)$-Flavor QCD in Magnetic Fields at Zero Temperature
Continuum-extrapolated lattice simulations show monotonic magnetic catalysis in chiral condensates, non-monotonic charged-meson mass response, and valence-quark dominance at zero temperature up to eB ≈ 1.2 GeV².