Agent-native LLMs are substantially more vulnerable to adversarial instructions arriving in tool descriptions than user messages (with the pattern reversing for general-purpose models and inverting again for tool outputs), as quantified by the new Safety Asymmetry Score across six models and three a
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Melon: Indirect prompt injection defense via masked re-execution and tool comparison
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Controlled experiments on GPT-4o-mini and Claude Haiku show indirect prompt injection success in ReAct agents decays sharply with injection depth, varies with payload framing, and remains stable across turn budgets.
PACT achieves perfect security and utility under oracle provenance by enforcing argument-level trust contracts based on semantic roles and cross-step provenance tracking, outperforming invocation-level monitors in AgentDojo evaluations.
PIIGuard uses optimized hidden HTML fragments on webpages to block LLMs from leaking contact PII via indirect prompt injection, achieving at least 97% defense success across tested models while preserving benign QA utility.
AgentVisor cuts prompt injection success rate to 0.65% in LLM agents with only 1.45% utility loss via semantic privilege separation and one-shot self-correction.
The work introduces and partially evaluates seven cross-domain prompt injection detectors, reporting F1 gains on benchmarks like deepset/prompt-injections and indirect-injection sets via local alignment, stylometry, and fatigue tracking.
AgentShield uses layered deception traps in LLM agent tool interfaces to detect indirect prompt injection compromises with 90.7-100% success on commercial models, zero false positives, and cross-lingual transfer without retraining.
ARGUS defends LLM agents from context-aware prompt injections by tracking information provenance and verifying decisions against trustworthy evidence, reducing attack success to 3.8% while retaining 87.5% task utility.
The method prompts LLMs to output both answers and references to the executed instructions, then filters out any answers not linked to the original input instructions, reducing attack success rates to zero in tested scenarios while preserving utility.
Red-teaming of the Agent Payments Protocol reveals vulnerabilities to direct and indirect prompt injection, with Branded Whisper and Vault Whisper attacks enabling product ranking manipulation and sensitive data extraction.
A survey that taxonomizes threats to agentic AI, reviews benchmarks and evaluation methods, discusses technical and governance defenses, and identifies open challenges.
citing papers explorer
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Same Payload, Different Channel: Measuring Trust Asymmetry in Tool-Using Language Models
Agent-native LLMs are substantially more vulnerable to adversarial instructions arriving in tool descriptions than user messages (with the pattern reversing for general-purpose models and inverting again for tool outputs), as quantified by the new Safety Asymmetry Score across six models and three a
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Depth-Dependent Indirect Prompt Injection in Tool-Calling ReAct Agents: Injection Depth, Payload Framing, and Turn-Budget Sensitivity
Controlled experiments on GPT-4o-mini and Claude Haiku show indirect prompt injection success in ReAct agents decays sharply with injection depth, varies with payload framing, and remains stable across turn budgets.
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The Granularity Mismatch in Agent Security: Argument-Level Provenance Solves Enforcement and Isolates the LLM Reasoning Bottleneck
PACT achieves perfect security and utility under oracle provenance by enforcing argument-level trust contracts based on semantic roles and cross-step provenance tracking, outperforming invocation-level monitors in AgentDojo evaluations.
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PIIGuard: Mitigating PII Harvesting under Adversarial Sanitization
PIIGuard uses optimized hidden HTML fragments on webpages to block LLMs from leaking contact PII via indirect prompt injection, achieving at least 97% defense success across tested models while preserving benign QA utility.
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AgentVisor: Defending LLM Agents Against Prompt Injection via Semantic Virtualization
AgentVisor cuts prompt injection success rate to 0.65% in LLM agents with only 1.45% utility loss via semantic privilege separation and one-shot self-correction.
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Beyond Pattern Matching: Seven Cross-Domain Techniques for Prompt Injection Detection
The work introduces and partially evaluates seven cross-domain prompt injection detectors, reporting F1 gains on benchmarks like deepset/prompt-injections and indirect-injection sets via local alignment, stylometry, and fatigue tracking.
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AgentShield: Deception-based Compromise Detection for Tool-using LLM Agents
AgentShield uses layered deception traps in LLM agent tool interfaces to detect indirect prompt injection compromises with 90.7-100% success on commercial models, zero false positives, and cross-lingual transfer without retraining.
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ARGUS: Defending LLM Agents Against Context-Aware Prompt Injection
ARGUS defends LLM agents from context-aware prompt injections by tracking information provenance and verifying decisions against trustworthy evidence, reducing attack success to 3.8% while retaining 87.5% task utility.
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Robustness via Referencing: Defending against Prompt Injection Attacks by Referencing the Executed Instruction
The method prompts LLMs to output both answers and references to the executed instructions, then filters out any answers not linked to the original input instructions, reducing attack success rates to zero in tested scenarios while preserving utility.
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Whispers of Wealth: Red-Teaming Google's Agent Payments Protocol via Prompt Injection
Red-teaming of the Agent Payments Protocol reveals vulnerabilities to direct and indirect prompt injection, with Branded Whisper and Vault Whisper attacks enabling product ranking manipulation and sensitive data extraction.
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Agentic AI Security: Threats, Defenses, Evaluation, and Open Challenges
A survey that taxonomizes threats to agentic AI, reviews benchmarks and evaluation methods, discusses technical and governance defenses, and identifies open challenges.
- LivePI: More Realistic Benchmarking of Agents Against Indirect Prompt Injection