Toller matrices T^(±) in causal spinfoam amplitudes satisfy T^(+) + T^(-) = D and admit equivalent definitions via analyticity, iε prescription, and boost-eigenvalue integrals that reproduce the Euclidean-to-Lorentzian Wick rotation.
Black hole fireworks: quantum-gravity effects outside the horizon spark black to white hole tunneling
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abstract
We show that there is a classical metric satisfying the Einstein equations outside a finite spacetime region where matter collapses into a black hole and then emerges from a white hole. We compute this metric explicitly. We show how quantum theory determines the (long) time for the process to happen. A black hole can thus quantum-tunnel into a white hole. For this to happen, quantum gravity should affect the metric also in a small region outside the horizon: we show that contrary to what is commonly assumed, this is not forbidden by causality or by the semiclassical approximation, because quantum effects can pile up over a long time. This scenario alters radically the discussion on the black hole information puzzle.
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A minimum purification time for evaporating black holes is derived as scaling with M0^4/hbar^{3/2}, becoming exponential in initial area under a metastability assumption for Planck-scale holes, implying white-hole remnants.
EHT observations of Sgr A* constrain deviations from GR black hole solutions including regular BHs, string-inspired spacetimes, and BH mimickers, with some limits exceeding cosmological bounds.
Relational quantization of the Schwarzschild black hole interior resolves the singularity with a quantum bounce, finite Kretschmann scalar, bounded area, and black-hole-to-white-hole transition.
Repulsive-like primordial black holes in the Swiss-cheese framework produce quasi-de Sitter expansion, enabling inflation with evaporation reheating and acting as early dark energy for certain masses and densities.
citing papers explorer
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Toller matrices and the Feynman $i\varepsilon$ in spinfoams
Toller matrices T^(±) in causal spinfoam amplitudes satisfy T^(+) + T^(-) = D and admit equivalent definitions via analyticity, iε prescription, and boost-eigenvalue integrals that reproduce the Euclidean-to-Lorentzian Wick rotation.
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Minimum lifetime of a black hole
A minimum purification time for evaporating black holes is derived as scaling with M0^4/hbar^{3/2}, becoming exponential in initial area under a metastability assumption for Planck-scale holes, implying white-hole remnants.
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Horizon-scale tests of gravity theories and fundamental physics from the Event Horizon Telescope image of Sagittarius A$^*$
EHT observations of Sgr A* constrain deviations from GR black hole solutions including regular BHs, string-inspired spacetimes, and BH mimickers, with some limits exceeding cosmological bounds.
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Relational quantum dynamics of the black hole interior: singularity resolution and quantum bounce
Relational quantization of the Schwarzschild black hole interior resolves the singularity with a quantum bounce, finite Kretschmann scalar, bounded area, and black-hole-to-white-hole transition.
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Inflation driven by repulsive-like primordial black holes
Repulsive-like primordial black holes in the Swiss-cheese framework produce quasi-de Sitter expansion, enabling inflation with evaporation reheating and acting as early dark energy for certain masses and densities.