Contagion flag #6 · 2026-07-08 21:54:43.401739+00:00

NIRVANA: A Comprehensive Dataset for Reproducing How Students Use Generative AI for Essay Writing

Retraction Retraction Watch Open

cites X., Wei, Z., & Wen, J.-R, which carries a retraction notice . One-hop deterministic flag: the citation edge exists in the Pith bibliography graph; no model judged whether the citation was load-bearing.

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01Evidence

Raw extraction · citation context · bibliography index 48

[47] Simon Wilbers, Johanna Gröpler, Bastian Prell, and Jörg Reiff-Stephan. 2024. Overall Writing Effectiveness: Exploring Students' Use of LLMs, Pushing the Limits of Automated Text Generation. InSmart Technologies for a Sustainable Future, Michael E. Auer, Reinhard Langmann, Dominik May, and Kim Roos (Eds.). Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 11-22. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-61905-2_2 [48] Ye Xiong and Yi-Fang Brook Wu. 2019. An Automated Feedback System to Support Student Learning in Writing-to-Learn Activities. InProceedings of the Sixth (2019) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale (L@S '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1-4. doi:10.1145/3330430.3333657 [49] Chao Zhang, Kexin Ju, Peter Bidoshi, Yu-Chun Grace Yen, and Jeffrey M.

Parser render (TeX stripped for reading; raw above is the evidence)

[47] Simon Wilbers, Johanna Gröpler, Bastian Prell, and Jörg Reiff-Stephan. 2024. Overall Writing Effectiveness: Exploring Students' Use of LLMs, Pushing the Limits of Automated Text Generation. InSmart Technologies for a Sustainable Future, Michael E. Auer, Reinhard Langmann, Dominik May, and Kim Roos (Eds.). Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 11-22. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-61905-2_2 [48] Ye Xiong and Yi-Fang Brook Wu. 2019. An Automated Feedback System to Support Student Learning in Writing-to-Learn Activities. InProceedings of the Sixth (2019) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale (L@S '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1-4. doi:10.1145/3330430.3333657 [49] Chao Zhang, Kexin Ju, Peter Bidoshi, Yu-Chun Grace Yen, and Jeffrey M

02Event

Type: Retraction
Source: Retraction Watch
Original DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-04787-y
Notice DOI: 10.1057/s41599-026-07310-z
Date: —
Title: The effect of ChatGPT on students’ learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: insights from a meta-analysis
Reasons: ['Concerns/Issues about Article', 'Investigation by Journal/Publisher', 'Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions']
Work: X., Wei, Z., & Wen, J.-R (2025)

Schema constants (for re-runners): retraction · retraction_watch

03Dispute this flag

If this citation does not depend on the flagged claim, or the event is wrong, say so. Disputes are public. For a signed challenge against the paper itself, use the formal challenge form.