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arxiv: 1512.04435 · v3 · submitted 2015-12-14 · 🌌 astro-ph.GA · astro-ph.HE

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Very-high-energy gamma-rays from the Universe's middle age: detection of the z=0.940 blazar PKS 1441+25 with MAGIC

MAGIC Collaboration: M. L. Ahnen (1) , S. Ansoldi (2) , A. Antonelli (3) , P. Antoranz (4) , A. Babic (5) , B. Banerjee (6) , P. Bangale (7) , U. Barres de Almeida (7
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Lorey (77) L. Pacciani (79) A. Porras (76) E. Recillas (76) R. Reinthal (75) M. Tornikoski (78) D. Wolfert (77) N. Zottmann (77) ((1) ETH Zurich CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland (2) Universit\`a di Udine INFN Trieste I-33100 Udine Italy (3) INAF National Institute for Astrophysics I-00136 Rome (4) Universit\`a di Siena INFN Pisa I-53100 Siena (5) Croatian MAGIC Consortium Rudjer Boskovic Institute University of Rijeka University of Split University of Zagreb Croatia (6) Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics 1 AF Bidhannagar Salt Lake Sector-1 Kolkata 700064 India (7) Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Physik D-80805 M\"unchen Germany (8) Universidad Complutense E-28040 Madrid Spain (9) University of \L\'od\'z PL-90236 Lodz Poland (10) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) D-15738 Zeuthen (11) IFAE Campus UAB E-08193 Bellaterra (12) Universit\"at W\"urzburg D-97074 W\"urzburg (13) Centro de Investigaciones Energ\'eticas Medioambientales y Tecnol\'ogicas (14) Inst. de Astrof\'isica de Canarias E-38200 La Laguna Tenerife Universidad de La Laguna Dpto. Astrof\'isica E-38206 La Laguna (15) Universit\`a di Padova INFN I-35131 Padova (16) Institute for Space Sciences (CSIC IEEC) E-08193 Barcelona (17) Technische Universit\"at Dortmund D-44221 Dortmund (18) Unitat de F\'isica de les Radiacions Departament de F\'isica CERES-IEEC Universitat Aut\`onoma de Barcelona (19) Universitat de Barcelona ICC IEEC-UB E-08028 Barcelona (20) Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR The University of Tokyo Department of Physics Hakubi Center Kyoto University Tokai University The University of Tokushima KEK Japan (21) Finnish MAGIC Consortium Tuorla Observatory University of Turku University of Oulu Finland (22) Inst. for Nucl. Research Nucl. Energy BG-1784 Sofia Bulgaria (23) Universit\`a di Pisa I-56126 Pisa (24) ICREA Institute for Space Sciences (CSIC IEEC) (25) Universit\`a dell'Insubria INFN Milano Bicocca Como I-22100 Como (26) now at Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F\'isicas (CBPF MCTI) R. Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 - Urca Rio de Janeiro - RJ 22290-180 Brazil (27) Humboldt University of Berlin Istitut f\"ur Physik Newtonstr. 15 12489 Berlin Germany (28) now at Ecole polytechnique f\'ed\'erale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne (29) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova (30) now at Laboratoire AIM Service d'Astrophysique DSM IRFU CEA Saclay FR-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France (31) now at Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA) Turku (32) also at INAF-Trieste (33) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste (34) also at ISDC - Science Data Center for Astrophysics 1290 Versoix (Geneva) (35) Department of Physics Astronomy Clemson University Kinard Lab of Physics Clemson SC 29634-0978 USA (36) Universit\`a di Pisa Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa (37) W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics Cosmology SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 (38) Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\`a di Trieste (39) Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei" Universit\`a di Padova (40) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 (41) Department of Physics Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 (42) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa (43) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bari I-70126 Bari (44) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino (45) Dipartimento di Fisica Generale "Amadeo Avogadro" Universit\`a degli Studi di Torino (46) Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier Universit\'e Montpellier CNRS/IN2P3 Montpellier (47) Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet \'Ecole polytechnique Palaiseau (48) Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale (CIFS) I-10133 Torino (49) INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica I-20133 Milano (50) Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center I-00133 Roma (51) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia (52) INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone (Roma) (53) INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia I-40129 Bologna (54) Dipartimento di Astronomia Universit\`a di Bologna I-40127 Bologna (55) Universit\`a Telematica Pegaso Piazza Trieste e Trento 48 I-80132 Napoli (56) Universit\`a di Udine (57) Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Universit\`a e del Politecnico di Bari (58) Laboratoire AIM CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Universit\'e Paris Diderot CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette (59) NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow (60) University of North Florida 1 UNF Drive Jacksonville FL 32224 (61) Department of Physics KTH Royal Institute of Technology AlbaNova SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden (62) The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics (63) Space Science Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375-5352 (64) Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\`a degli Studi di Perugia (65) Catholic University of America DC 20064 (66) University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 (67) Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 (68) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Roma "Tor Vergata" (69) Funded by contract FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F from the Italian Ministry of Education University Research (MIUR) (70) Institut f\"ur Astro- und Teilchenphysik Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik Leopold-Franzens-Universit\"at Innsbruck A-6020 Innsbruck Austria (71) NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc. Lattingtown NY 11560-1025 (72) Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 (73) Department of Physical Sciences (74) Cahill Center for Astrophysics 1216 East California Boulevard California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 (75) Tuorla Observatory (76) Instituto Nacional de Astrof\'isica \'Optica y Electr\'onica (INAOE) Apartado Postal 51 y 216 72000 Puebla M\'exico (77) Naturwissenschaftliches Labor f\"ur Sch\"uler Friedrich-Koenig-Gymnasium W\"urzburg (78) Aalto University Mets\"ahovi Radio Observatory Mets\"ahovintie 114 02540 Kylm\"al\"a (79) INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziale Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 I-00133 Rome (80) Aalto University Department of Radio Science Engineering P.O. BOX 13000 FI-00076 Aalto Finland.)
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE
keywords activityblazarduringhighmagicdetectedenergyobservations
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The flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1441+25 at a redshift of z = 0.940 is detected between 40 and 250 GeV with a significance of 25.5 {\sigma} using the MAGIC telescopes. Together with the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 (z = 0.944), PKS 1441+25 is the most distant very high energy (VHE) blazar detected to date. The observations were triggered by an outburst in 2015 April seen at GeV energies with the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi. Multi-wavelength observations suggest a subdivision of the high state into two distinct flux states. In the band covered by MAGIC, the variability time scale is estimated to be 6.4 +/- 1.9 days. Modeling the broadband spectral energy distribution with an external Compton model, the location of the emitting region is understood as originating in the jet outside the broad line region (BLR) during the period of high activity, while being partially within the BLR during the period of low (typical) activity. The observed VHE spectrum during the highest activity is used to probe the extragalactic background light at an unprecedented distance scale for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy.

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