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arxiv: 2309.05444 · v1 · pith:ND2WWIX3 · submitted 2023-09-11 · cs.CL · cs.LG

Pushing Mixture of Experts to the Limit: Extremely Parameter Efficient MoE for Instruction Tuning

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classification cs.CL cs.LG
keywords expertsarchitecturemixtureextremelyfine-tuninglightweightlimitparameter
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The Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a widely known neural architecture where an ensemble of specialized sub-models optimizes overall performance with a constant computational cost. However, conventional MoEs pose challenges at scale due to the need to store all experts in memory. In this paper, we push MoE to the limit. We propose extremely parameter-efficient MoE by uniquely combining MoE architecture with lightweight experts.Our MoE architecture outperforms standard parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods and is on par with full fine-tuning by only updating the lightweight experts -- less than 1% of an 11B parameters model. Furthermore, our method generalizes to unseen tasks as it does not depend on any prior task knowledge. Our research underscores the versatility of the mixture of experts architecture, showcasing its ability to deliver robust performance even when subjected to rigorous parameter constraints. Our code used in all the experiments is publicly available here: https://github.com/for-ai/parameter-efficient-moe.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Adaptive and Fine-grained Module-wise Expert Pruning for Efficient LoRA-MoE Fine-Tuning

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    DMEP prunes experts module-by-module in LoRA-MoE and removes load balancing after pruning, cutting trainable parameters 35-43% and raising throughput ~10% while matching or exceeding uniform baselines on reasoning tasks.

  2. Expert Upcycling: Shifting the Compute-Efficient Frontier of Mixture-of-Experts

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Expert upcycling duplicates experts in an existing MoE checkpoint and continues pre-training to match fixed-size baseline performance with 32% less compute.

  3. Path-Constrained Mixture-of-Experts

    cs.LG 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    PathMoE constrains expert paths in MoE models by sharing router parameters across layer blocks, yielding more concentrated paths, better performance on perplexity and tasks, and no need for auxiliary losses.

  4. Behavioral and Representational Evidence of Binomial Ordering Preferences in Large Language Models

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    LLMs recover dominant binomial orders from corpora but align less closely with exact preference distributions, with preference strength partially encoded in middle-to-late layers and manipulable via steering.

  5. ARIADNE: Agnostic Routing for Inference-time Adapter DyNamic sElection

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    ARIADNE routes queries to the best adapter via embedding-space centroid proximity, recovering 97.44% of upper-bound performance on 23 NLP tasks and 89.7% selection accuracy on 44 tasks without training or internal access.

  6. Expert Upcycling: Shifting the Compute-Efficient Frontier of Mixture-of-Experts

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Expert upcycling expands MoE models by duplicating experts and continuing pre-training, matching baseline performance while saving 32% GPU hours in 7B-13B experiments.

  7. BioFact-MoE: Biologically Factorized Mixture of Experts for Vision-Language Prognostic Modeling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    BioFact-MoE applies a biologically factorized MoE architecture to multimodal MRI-report data and reports improved 12-24 month survival AUCs plus selective embedding associations in an N=588 HCC cohort.

  8. CP-MoE: Consistency-Preserving Mixture-of-Experts for Continual Learning

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    CP-MoE uses a transient expert, consistency-preserving routing bias, and guided regularization to reduce catastrophic forgetting in MoE-based LLMs and VLMs while preserving cross-task transfer, reporting SOTA on Super...

  9. ALAS: Adaptive Long-Horizon Action Synthesis via Async-pathway Stream Disentanglement

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    ALAS disentangles environment and self-state streams via bio-inspired modules to deliver 23% higher subtask success and 29% better execution efficiency on long-horizon HSI tasks.

  10. Efficient Handwriting-Based Alzheimer,s Disease Diagnosis Using a Low-Rank Mixture of Experts Deep Learning Framework

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    A low-rank mixture of experts model trained on handwriting data delivers strong Alzheimer's diagnosis performance with substantially reduced parameter activation during inference.

  11. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Large Models: A Comprehensive Survey

    cs.LG 2024-03 accept novelty 4.0

    A comprehensive survey of PEFT algorithms for large models, covering their performance, overhead, applications, and real-world system implementations.