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AMPLIFY: Actionless Motion Priors for Robot Learning from Videos

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arxiv 2506.14198 v1 pith:IBGA2462 submitted 2025-06-17 cs.RO cs.CVcs.LG

AMPLIFY: Actionless Motion Priors for Robot Learning from Videos

classification cs.RO cs.CVcs.LG
keywords dynamicsdatalearningmotionaction-freeamplifylearnedmodel
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Action-labeled data for robotics is scarce and expensive, limiting the generalization of learned policies. In contrast, vast amounts of action-free video data are readily available, but translating these observations into effective policies remains a challenge. We introduce AMPLIFY, a novel framework that leverages large-scale video data by encoding visual dynamics into compact, discrete motion tokens derived from keypoint trajectories. Our modular approach separates visual motion prediction from action inference, decoupling the challenges of learning what motion defines a task from how robots can perform it. We train a forward dynamics model on abundant action-free videos and an inverse dynamics model on a limited set of action-labeled examples, allowing for independent scaling. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that the learned dynamics are both accurate, achieving up to 3.7x better MSE and over 2.5x better pixel prediction accuracy compared to prior approaches, and broadly useful. In downstream policy learning, our dynamics predictions enable a 1.2-2.2x improvement in low-data regimes, a 1.4x average improvement by learning from action-free human videos, and the first generalization to LIBERO tasks from zero in-distribution action data. Beyond robotic control, we find the dynamics learned by AMPLIFY to be a versatile latent world model, enhancing video prediction quality. Our results present a novel paradigm leveraging heterogeneous data sources to build efficient, generalizable world models. More information can be found at https://amplify-robotics.github.io/.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. From Imagined Futures to Executable Actions: Mixture of Latent Actions for Robot Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MoLA infers a mixture of latent actions from generated future videos via modality-aware inverse dynamics models to improve robot manipulation policies.

  2. UniLACT: Depth-Aware RGB Latent Action Learning for Vision-Language-Action Models

    cs.RO 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    UniLACT improves VLA models by adding depth-aware unified latent action pretraining that outperforms RGB-only baselines on seen and unseen manipulation tasks.

  3. From Grasps to Dexterity: Large-Scale Grasp Pretraining for Dexterous Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Grasp pretraining on 355k trajectories improves full-task success on six articulated tool-use tasks by 33.3 pp over DP3 in real-world experiments.

  4. Imitation from Heterogeneous Demonstrations using Grounded Latent-Action World Models

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    GLAM learns a shared latent action space grounded in consistent future observation prediction across heterogeneous data sources to train improved behavioral cloning policies for robot manipulation tasks.

  5. GHOST: Hierarchical Sub-Goal Policies for Generalizing Robot Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    GHOST improves generalization in robot manipulation via hierarchical factorization into 3D sub-goal prediction from RGB-D views and a goal-conditioned low-level controller, enabling human video integration without act...

  6. Learning Long-term Motion Embeddings for Efficient Kinematics Generation

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A 64x temporally compressed motion embedding learned from trackers enables efficient conditional flow-matching generation of long-term motions that outperform video models and task-specific methods.

  7. LUCID: Learning Embodiment-Agnostic Intent Models from Unstructured Human Videos for Scalable Dexterous Robot Skill Acquisition

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    LUCID learns embodiment-agnostic intent models from unstructured human videos to train dexterous robot policies in simulation, enabling zero-shot transfer on real-world tasks like stirring and wiping.

  8. Motus: A Unified Latent Action World Model

    cs.CV 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Motus unifies understanding, video generation, and action in one latent world model via MoT experts and optical-flow latent actions, reporting gains over prior methods in simulation and real robots.