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arxiv: 2507.15790 · v1 · pith:MNRT3J5Tnew · submitted 2025-07-21 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE

Decadal evolution of a repeating fast radio burst source

P. Wang , J.S. Zhang , Y.P. Yang , D.K. Zhou , Y.K. Zhang , Y.Feng , Z.Y. Zhao , J.H. Fang
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D. Li W.W. Zhu B. Zhang F.Y. Wang Y.F. Huang R. Luo J. L. Han K.J. Lee C.W. Tsai Z.G. Dai H. Gao X.P. Zheng J.H. Cao X.L. Chen E. Gugercinoglu J.C. Jiang W.C. Jing Y. Li J. Li W.J. Lu J.W. Luo F. Lyu C.C. Miao C.H. Niu J.R. Niu Y. Qu W.Y. Wang Y.D. Wang Y.B. Wang C.J. Wang Q. Wu Y.S. Wu S.M. Weng D. Xiao H. Xu J.M. Yao C.F. Zhang R.S. Zhao Q.Z. Liu J. Zhang D. J. Zhou L. Zhang Y.H. Zhu
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keywords frbsevolutionfastradiodecadalenvironmentmeasureorigin
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The origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs), the brightest cosmic radio explosions, is still unknown. Bearing critical clues to FRBs' origin, the long-term evolution of FRBs has yet to be confirmed, since the field is still young and most FRBs were seen only once. Here we report clear evidence of decadal evolution of FRB~20121102A, the first precisely localized repeater. In conjunction with archival data, our FAST and GBT monitoring campaign since 2020 reveals a significant 7% decline of local dispersion measure (DM). The rotation measure (RM) of 30,755$\pm$16 $\mathrm{rad\,m^{-2}}$ detected in the last epoch represents a 70% decrease compared to that from December 2016. The $\sigma_{RM}$ parameter, which describes the complexity of the magneto-ionic environment surrounding the source, was shown to have decreased by 13%. These general trends reveal an evolving FRB environment, which could originate from an early-phase supernova associated with an enhanced pair wind from the FRB central engine.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    CHIME/FRB has now cataloged 80 repeating FRB sources whose burst rates and upper limits are consistent with a power-law distribution implying 50-100% of all FRBs repeat.

  2. Rotation Measure Substructures Induced by the Ponderomotive Force of Inertial \alfven Waves

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    Inertial Alfvén waves exert ponderomotive force that redistributes plasma density and suppresses rotation measure, explaining short-term RM substructures in active repeating FRBs.

  3. A Search for Rotation Measure Flare Candidates in Repeating Fast Radio Bursts

    astro-ph.HE 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A search of repeating FRBs identifies RM flare candidates in FRB 20121102A, FRB 20201124A, and FRB 20180916B, suggesting such events may be common and tied to dynamic magneto-ionic environments.

  4. Signatures of Two Distinct Epochs of FRB 20240114A from January to August 2024 Based on its Energy and Waiting Time Analysis

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 4.0

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  5. Indication for Decreasing Dispersion Measure in the Population of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts and Connection to Young Supernova Remnant Expansion

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Population-level statistical test on repeating FRB DM evolution finds decreasing trends more common than increasing (p=0.033), consistent with young SNR expansion reducing local electron density.