Explicit descriptions of the subfields (NL)^(pi) and (NL)^(pi)(NL)^(sep) of NL and new explicit criteria for NL = (NL)^(pi)(NL)^(sep)

Let $L=K(\theta)\simeq K[x]/f(x)$ be a simple field extension in prime characteristic $p>0$, $L^{sep}$ and $L^{pi}$ be the maximal separable and purely inseparable subfields of $L$, respectively. Let $N/K$ be a purely inseparable field extension. For the field extensions $L/K$ and $NL/N$, the aim of the paper is to give explicit descriptions of the following subfields and their degrees in terms of the coefficients of the polynomial $f$ and two numerical field invariants $m_f$ and $m_{f,N}$: $L^{pi}$, $L^{pi}L^{sep}$, $(NL)^{pi}$ and $(NL)^{pi}(NL)^{sep}$. From these results, we derive new explicit criteria for $L=L^{pi}L^{sep}$ and $NL=(NL)^{pi}(NL)^{sep}$.