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Acceleration and propagation of Solar Energetic Particles

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arxiv 1705.07274 v1 pith:R66MZZAL submitted 2017-05-20 astro-ph.SR physics.space-ph

classification astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
keywords solarspaceaccelerationweatherforecastingsepsdiscussedeffects
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) are an important component of Space Weather, including radiation hazard to humans and electronic equipment, and the ionisation of the Earth's atmosphere. We review the key observations of SEPs, our current understanding of their acceleration and transport, and discuss how this knowledge is incorporated within Space Weather forecasting tools. Mechanisms for acceleration during solar flares and at shocks driven by Coronal Mass Ejections are discussed, as well as the timing relationships between signatures of solar eruptive events and the detection of SEPs in interplanetary space. Evidence on how the parameters of SEP events are related to those of the parent solar activity is reviewed and transport effects influencing SEP propagation to near-Earth locations are examined. Finally, the approaches to forecasting Space Weather SEP effects are discussed. We conclude that both flare and CME shock acceleration contribute to Space Weather relevant SEP populations and need to be considered within forecasting tools.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Nonthermal line broadening at solar flare footpoints is primarily field-aligned

    astro-ph.SR 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Nonthermal line broadening at solar flare footpoints is primarily field-aligned, demonstrated by systematic decrease in line widths from disk center to limb across 4,593 Hinode/EIS spectra from 407 flares.

  2. A new methodology for inferring the plasma conditions in solar flare energetic electron source regions from in situ electron energy spectra

    astro-ph.SR 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new Python tool combines Solar Orbiter STEP and EAS electron data and fits two thermal plus power-law components, finding a possible 12-23 MK flare-plasma signature in the 2021-10-09 event.

  3. Energetic particle-mediated interplanetary shocks observed by Solar Orbiter

    physics.space-ph 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Four Solar Orbiter interplanetary shocks show energetic particle pressure dominating upstream, indicating particle-mediated modification of collisionless shocks.

  4. Time-dependent cosmic-ray escape from wind bubbles: hard spectra formation

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Numerical modeling of time-dependent cosmic-ray advection and diffusion in spherically symmetric wind bubbles shows escaping spectra harder than E^{-2} during the wind-driven phase, with low-energy suppression dependi...

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