Pith. sign in

REVIEW 11 cited by

The International Pulsar Timing Array second data release: Search for an isotropic Gravitational Wave Background

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2201.03980 v1 pith:UQKZMZWL submitted 2022-01-11 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM

J. Antoniadis , Z. Arzoumanian , S. Babak , M. Bailes , A.-S. Bak Nielsen , P. T. Baker , C. G. Bassa , B. Becsy
show 118 more authors
This is my paper · ORCID
classification astro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM
keywords datainternationalalphaarraygravitationalpulsartimingwave
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
abstract

We searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array, a global collaboration synthesizing decadal-length pulsar-timing campaigns in North America, Europe, and Australia. In our reference search for a power law strain spectrum of the form $h_c = A(f/1\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1})^{\alpha}$, we found strong evidence for a spectrally-similar low-frequency stochastic process of amplitude $A = 3.8^{+6.3}_{-2.5}\times10^{-15}$ and spectral index $\alpha = -0.5 \pm 0.5$, where the uncertainties represent 95\% credible regions, using information from the auto- and cross-correlation terms between the pulsars in the array. For a spectral index of $\alpha = -2/3$, as expected from a population of inspiralling supermassive black hole binaries, the recovered amplitude is $A = 2.8^{+1.2}_{-0.8}\times10^{-15}$. Nonetheless, no significant evidence of the Hellings-Downs correlations that would indicate a gravitational-wave origin was found. We also analyzed the constituent data from the individual pulsar timing arrays in a consistent way, and clearly demonstrate that the combined international data set is more sensitive. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this combined data set produces comparable constraints to recent single-array data sets which have more data than the constituent parts of the combination. Future international data releases will deliver increased sensitivity to gravitational wave radiation, and significantly increase the detection probability.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Consistent Thermal Resummation and Phase Transitions with 2PI Methods

    hep-ph 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A 2PI-Hartree effective potential for two mixing scalars is renormalized and used to show that self-consistent thermal resummation can substantially alter predicted phase transition strengths and gravitational wave spectra.

  2. Non-Minimally Coupled Chain Inflation at High Scales

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A moderate non-minimal coupling ξRφ² breaks the low-scale lock of pure tilted-cosine chain inflation and opens a CMB-viable high-scale branch with interferometer-band gravitational waves and distinctive spectral running.

  3. Phase Transitions and Gravitational Wave Production at the End of Thermal Inflation

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    The end of thermal inflation proceeds by nucleating true-vacuum bubbles rather than by global phase mixing, and the resulting gravitational-wave background can reach BBO and DECIGO sensitivities for low flaton mass sc...

  4. Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.

  5. How many pixels are there in a polarized pulsar timing array map?

    astro-ph.IM 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Without pulsar distances, a pulsar timing array can resolve at most about 16 sky directions times 2 polarization states, about 32 independent polarized gravitational wave sources per frequency.

  6. Lorentz Violation with Gravitational Waves: Constraints from NANOGrav and IPTA Data

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using NANOGrav 15-year and IPTA second data release, this paper sets a 68% confidence lower bound of 10^-19 GeV on the Lorentz-violating scale M_LV in a modified gravity model.

  7. Gravitational wave signatures of primordial black hole accretion during early matter domination

    hep-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    PBHs that form in a radiation era and accrete during an early matter era could produce a two-peak GW background detectable by LISA or BBO for asteroid-mass PBHs as all of dark matter.

  8. Searching Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background Landscape Across Frequency Bands

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A hybrid cosmic string–domain wall model can fit the NANOGrav 15-year signal, and its high-frequency tail lies within LISA's projected reach, making the interpretation testable.

  9. Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A Bayesian analysis shows that a future sub-solar PBH detection would make the primordial SIGW interpretation of PTA data favored over the SMBH interpretation, but this preference is driven by the detection prior.

  10. Primordial Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions during Reheating

    astro-ph.CO 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Phase transitions happening during reheating can produce gravitational-wave signals that are delayed, prolonged, and shifted in amplitude and frequency by orders of magnitude compared with standard cosmology.

  11. Forecast Constraints on Bouncing Cosmology from High Frequency Gravitational Waves Using Superconducting LC Circuits and Resonant Cavities

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper forecasts that resonant-cavity and superconducting-circuit gravitational wave detectors could constrain the bounce energy scale of a generic bouncing cosmology far more tightly than astrophysical observatori...

Pith tools