Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 52 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2303.01037.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T05:54:18.845300Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
0 of 0 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
112
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.
Observation 6ac8d2d5-b915-4ac9-bc4a-e8f79f515d34 · inbound
AudioPaLM: A Large Language Model That Can Speak and Listen Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 53ccf5ab-dffe-411b-b761-9485a447d772 · inbound
Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 132
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 85311310-be97-4427-974d-8a767e1eb694 · inbound
Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialogue Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 115
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 541e5b64-f4bd-4067-85eb-02487c24564f · inbound
Small Language Models (SLMs) Can Still Pack a Punch: A survey (updated 2026) Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 150
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 9f16420d-e4da-4bed-9af3-3f740a5cdd4b · inbound
Metis: A Foundation Speech Generation Model with Masked Generative Pre-training Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 106
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b00cafe7-f8bd-45a9-a2a9-ceaa16be63be · inbound
OWLS: Scaling Laws for Multilingual Speech Recognition and Translation Models Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 81
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 16597fcf-abb6-4a3c-bea0-5a3f9a1145e4 · inbound
On The Landscape of Spoken Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation a431a375-596e-4089-90d1-1ab2db9ec0e3 · inbound
Kimi-Audio Technical Report Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 87
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 48b325f5-22a0-4758-bcab-bcf4935c0bb3 · inbound
Scaling and Enhancing LLM-based AVSR: A Sparse Mixture of Projectors Approach Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec704d4a-f35c-42d3-87e9-b3517eb435d4 · inbound
Selective Invocation for Multilingual ASR: A Cost-effective Approach Adapting to Speech Recognition Difficulty Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1a5185df-5743-4224-b270-77f4de0e01cf · inbound
DuRep: Dual-Mode Speech Representation Learning via ASR-Aware Distillation Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 2023
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5aa3de75-d092-4a8b-b414-25c96d26b77d · inbound
Leveraging LLM and Self-Supervised Training Models for Speech Recognition in Chinese Dialects: A Comparative Analysis Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5adc19bc-4bbb-4c92-a428-b302d83d4cb9 · inbound
VietASR: Achieving Industry-level Vietnamese ASR with 50-hour labeled data and Large-Scale Speech Pretraining Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a3224f44-2c51-44de-a819-e6ea0a11d0d2 · inbound
The Warmup Dilemma: How Learning Rate Strategies Impact Speech-to-Text Model Convergence Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a49829e8-8114-4c2a-b598-09edd3f5f677 · inbound
OWSM v4: Improving Open Whisper-Style Speech Models via Data Scaling and Cleaning Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f1ef71db-56d8-4cd7-bc49-777c03c8b47a · inbound
NTPP: Generative Speech Language Modeling for Dual-Channel Spoken Dialogue via Next-Token-Pair Prediction Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 82
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 43890719-de93-4fd0-bea7-7fb8e72d6b50 · inbound
GigaAM: Efficient Self-Supervised Learner for Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 2023
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4f187dca-064d-4cd8-ab66-bb2d60499661 · inbound
OWSM-Biasing: Contextualizing Open Whisper-Style Speech Models for Automatic Speech Recognition with Dynamic Vocabulary Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15f02759-05b4-497e-9bda-c790d208db1e · inbound
A Self-Refining Framework for Enhancing ASR Using TTS-Synthesized Data Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 95397d90-3010-4bef-8bdb-cc5a507f6417 · inbound
Early Attentive Sparsification Accelerates Neural Speech Transcription Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 518fa8b1-c762-4f4b-b67a-bab509c1639b · inbound
Data Quality Issues in Multilingual Speech Datasets: The Need for Sociolinguistic Awareness and Proactive Language Planning Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4fb310f8-f465-4fad-a2e9-64901f495397 · inbound
Efficient Multilingual ASR Finetuning via LoRA Language Experts Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08cdef0c-3e3c-484e-ab24-2624ceee4be9 · inbound
A Self-Training Approach for Whisper to Enhance Long Dysarthric Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5762d61d-65b1-4767-ac42-aa0f67418fbd · inbound
NIRANTAR: Continual Learning with New Languages and Domains on Real-world Speech Data Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cb95bc1c-5fa2-47f9-a954-7e91f7579075 · inbound
OpenBEATs: A Fully Open-Source General-Purpose Audio Encoder Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e4edf93b-1b17-4d22-8e53-a22e7a2ede58 · inbound
Identifying Hearing Difficulty Moments in Conversational Audio Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 42b609ea-7c56-4341-b4fb-66f173c059f4 · inbound
LCS-CTC: Leveraging Soft Alignments to Enhance Phonetic Transcription Robustness Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 09c581e2-35bf-45f6-987c-1413ba893253 · inbound
Geolocation-Aware Robust Spoken Language Identification Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 320834ef-cbe0-4226-9681-7cc23b4bb6c9 · inbound
CAM\~OES: A Comprehensive Automatic Speech Recognition Benchmark for European Portuguese Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7c66f95f-54e2-4129-8f2b-fcf6e94d283b · inbound
OLMoASR: Open Models and Data for Training Robust Speech Recognition Models Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1fddbe4f-57f1-4a2c-8618-9ce03aa9efe8 · inbound
Towards Improved Speech Recognition through Optimized Synthetic Data Generation Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 2021
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5cd6c1fe-12f6-46d5-9058-6cbcc06f8e41 · inbound
UniVoice: Unifying Autoregressive ASR and Flow-Matching based TTS with Large Language Models Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e296ebd2-d033-4311-9d0f-5337db128193 · inbound
BEST-RQ-Based Self-Supervised Learning for Whisper Domain Adaptation Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation d90a938c-6437-4c1b-a526-e633096ec97a · inbound
A Study of Data Selection Strategies for Pre-training Self-Supervised Speech Models Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 28af6dfc-fdeb-403b-a4aa-f7575db52074 · inbound
A Semi-spontaneous Dutch Speech Dataset for Speech Enhancement and Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 36f3c996-20b4-449c-88be-33a3d04dd6cb · inbound
PoM: A Linear-Time Replacement for Attention with the Polynomial Mixer Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 80
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation aab95778-cb03-4e83-9b20-f35d9465e0ba · inbound
BlasBench: An Open Benchmark for Irish Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 48146589-1f80-4847-9813-463959d8def0 · inbound
UniPASE: A Generative Model for Universal Speech Enhancement with High Fidelity and Low Hallucinations Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation b772d669-7687-4bd8-9823-9a58468dbd54 · inbound
UniPASE: A Generative Model for Universal Speech Enhancement with High Fidelity and Low Hallucinations Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 109d954a-66ba-4253-b6d7-496cf7303ac3 · inbound
Dolphin-CN-Dialect: Where Chinese Dialects Matter Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation a09ac056-8755-42b1-9c2e-d00b44e30b7f · inbound
MegaScale-Omni: A Hyper-Scale, Workload-Resilient System for MultiModal LLM Training in Production Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 1abdcf3b-a987-42ad-9141-03dcbf4c7396 · inbound
Mind the Gap: Impact of Synthetic Conversational Data on Multi-Talker ASR and Speaker Diarization Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation f0ee6108-8585-47a5-8092-0652071699b3 · inbound
FalAR: A Large-scale Speaker-Annotated European Portuguese Speech Corpus of Parliamentary Sessions Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 0537089c-ee9c-4be9-b377-e695f6d48450 · inbound
Online Predictive Coding for Dual-Mode Self-Supervised Speech Model Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 4b6e0059-ec66-4566-9414-6175ea0bd66e · inbound
ESPnet3: Infrastructure for Scalable Speech and Audio Research in the Foundation Model Era Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 2be08545-17ae-4b07-9ba5-c0be6153dbc1 · inbound
Data Scale, Not Latency, Shapes Cross-Lingual Encoder Transfer in Streaming ASR Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 32d94fb4-7f1f-42e8-a9f6-547dc20c817f · inbound
Comparing Human and Automatic Recognition of Dutch Dysarthric Continuous Speech: A Case Study Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 1036fbf8-ea9a-4572-91ef-7a2975d37618 · inbound
Enhancing BEST-RQ Pseudo-Label Quality through Online Refinement for Automatic Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 757e4a3a-12bf-40f3-9509-1fcef7226c86 · inbound
Gemma 4 Technical Report Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e9f7d5bc-f704-408a-9c4b-c39d313442b4 · inbound
GigaAM Multilingual: Foundation Model for Underrepresented Languages Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f3c861d1-95eb-4c31-bbb6-2c589dd7f7b0 · inbound
DONDO: Open w2v-BERT Speech-Recognition Base Models for African Languages Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a2914072-a04c-4beb-880d-1e0681699564 · inbound
MoLGE: Mixture of Language Group Experts for Efficient Scaling of Massively Multilingual Speech Recognition Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.