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Exploring dark matter spike distribution around the Galactic centre with stellar orbits
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Exploring dark matter spike distribution around the Galactic centre with stellar orbits
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Precise measurements of the stellar orbits around Sagittarius A* have established the existence of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the Galactic centre (GC). Due to the interplay between the SMBH and dark matter (DM), the DM density profile in the innermost region of the Galaxy, which is crucial for the DM indirect detection, is still an open question. Among the most popular models in the literature, the theoretical spike profile proposed by Gondolo and Silk (1999; GS hereafter) is well adopted. In this work, we investigate the DM spike profile using updated data from the Keck and VLT telescopes considering that the presence of such an extended mass component may affect the orbits of the S-stars in the Galactic center. We examine the radius and slope of the generalized NFW spike profile, analyze the Einasto spike, and discuss the influence of DM annihilation on the results. Our findings indicate that an initial slope of $\gamma \gtrsim 0.92$ for the generalized NFW spike profile is ruled out at a 95% confidence level. Additionally, the spike radius $R_{\rm sp}$ larger than 21.5 pc is rejected at 95% probability for the Einasto spike with $\alpha=0.17$, which also contradicts the GS spike model. The constraints with the VLT/GRAVITY upper limits are also projected. Although the GS NFW spike is well constrained by the Keck and VLT observation of S2, an NFW spike with a weak annihilation cusp may still be viable, as long as the DM annihilation cross section satisfies $\left< \sigma v \right> \gtrsim 7.7\times 10^{-27}~{\rm cm^3\,s^{-1}} (m_{\rm DM}/100~{\rm GeV})$ at 95% level.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Dark matter energy exchange in stars orbiting supermassive black holes
Orbit-averaged elastic DM scattering in S4714 reaches stellar luminosity at σ_χp ∼ 10^{-36} cm² (MeV–GeV) and σ_χe ∼ 5×10^{-38} cm² (sub-MeV) for a spiked profile.
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Absorption cross section of a Schwarzschild black hole for a massive vector field
Numerical computation of absorption cross sections for massive Proca fields on Schwarzschild black holes, revealing mass-induced longitudinal modes and breaking of even-odd parity degeneracy in transmission spectra.
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Formation and Redshift Evolution of Dark Matter Spikes
Stellar gravitational heating reduces dark matter spike overdensities by 2-4 orders of magnitude and drives the inner slope to γ_χ ≈ 1.5 within a few Gyrs, remaining above NFW cusps.
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Dark matter energy exchange in stars orbiting supermassive black holes
Orbit-averaged DM energy exchange for S4714 reaches stellar luminosity at σ_χp ~ 10^{-36} cm² (MeV-GeV) and σ_χe ~ 5×10^{-38} cm² (sub-MeV) for spiked DM profiles.
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Constraining Ultralight Scalar Dark Matter in the Galactic Center with the S2 Orbit
Using S2 star periastron precession, the work constrains ultralight scalar dark matter mass ratios to below 10^{-3} or 1 and improves quadratic coupling bounds for masses 10^{-20} to 10^{-18} eV.
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Black holes surrounded by dark matter spike: Spacetime metrics and gravitational wave ringdown waveforms
Black hole spacetimes in dark matter spikes are solved analytically from TOV equations; ringdown quasinormal frequencies differ from Schwarzschild by up to order 10^{-4}.
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Thermal emission from dark matter-heated neutron stars in the Galactic Center
DM-heated neutron stars in the Galactic Center reach equilibrium temperatures of 10^4-10^6 K but their emission is below detection thresholds due to extinction.
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