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Mega-TTS: Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech at Scale with Intrinsic Inductive Bias

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arxiv 2306.03509 v1 pith:6DLLTUER submitted 2023-06-06 eess.AS cs.AIcs.SD

classification eess.AScs.AIcs.SD
keywords speechmega-ttslanguagemodelmodelstimbrezero-shotattributes
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Scaling text-to-speech to a large and wild dataset has been proven to be highly effective in achieving timbre and speech style generalization, particularly in zero-shot TTS. However, previous works usually encode speech into latent using audio codec and use autoregressive language models or diffusion models to generate it, which ignores the intrinsic nature of speech and may lead to inferior or uncontrollable results. We argue that speech can be decomposed into several attributes (e.g., content, timbre, prosody, and phase) and each of them should be modeled using a module with appropriate inductive biases. From this perspective, we carefully design a novel and large zero-shot TTS system called Mega-TTS, which is trained with large-scale wild data and models different attributes in different ways: 1) Instead of using latent encoded by audio codec as the intermediate feature, we still choose spectrogram as it separates the phase and other attributes very well. Phase can be appropriately constructed by the GAN-based vocoder and does not need to be modeled by the language model. 2) We model the timbre using global vectors since timbre is a global attribute that changes slowly over time. 3) We further use a VQGAN-based acoustic model to generate the spectrogram and a latent code language model to fit the distribution of prosody, since prosody changes quickly over time in a sentence, and language models can capture both local and long-range dependencies. We scale Mega-TTS to multi-domain datasets with 20K hours of speech and evaluate its performance on unseen speakers. Experimental results demonstrate that Mega-TTS surpasses state-of-the-art TTS systems on zero-shot TTS, speech editing, and cross-lingual TTS tasks, with superior naturalness, robustness, and speaker similarity due to the proper inductive bias of each module. Audio samples are available at https://mega-tts.github.io/demo-page.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. UniVoice: Unifying Autoregressive ASR and Flow-Matching based TTS with Large Language Models

    eess.AS 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A single LLM can do ASR and zero-shot TTS on continuous speech features by switching between causal and bidirectional attention, reaching competitive but not state-of-the-art results.

  2. Grapheme-Coherent Phonemic and Prosodic Annotation of Speech by Implicit and Explicit Grapheme Conditioning

    cs.SD 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A grapheme-conditioned annotation model improves grapheme-phoneme consistency of TTS labels, but the primary metric is partly enforced by the dictionary constraint rather than learned.

  3. NTPP: Generative Speech Language Modeling for Dual-Channel Spoken Dialogue via Next-Token-Pair Prediction

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    NTPP models dual-channel spoken dialogue by predicting both speakers' next speech tokens as a pair, achieving speaker-independent full-duplex generation in a decoder-only transformer.

  4. Vevo: Controllable Zero-Shot Voice Imitation with Self-Supervised Disentanglement

    cs.SD 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Vevo achieves zero-shot timbre, accent, and emotion imitation by using VQ-VAE codebook size on HuBERT features to create content and content-style tokens.

  5. Enhancing Expressive Voice Conversion with Discrete Pitch-Conditioned Flow Matching Model

    cs.SD 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    PFlow-VC performs expressive voice conversion by conditioning a flow-matching Mel-spectrogram decoder on discrete speaker-normalized pitch tokens and a target speaker prompt, improving emotion style transfer.

  6. ProMode: A Speech Prosody Model Conditioned on Acoustic and Textual Inputs

    eess.AS 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    ProMode learns a prosody embedding from partially masked audio and text, improving F0 and energy prediction over baseline style encoders.

  7. MPE-TTS: Customized Emotion Zero-Shot Text-To-Speech Using Multi-Modal Prompt

    cs.SD 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A multi-modal emotion prompt encoder and prosody predictor let MPE-TTS control emotion from speech, text, or image while preserving speaker timbre.

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