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MaskGCT: Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Masked Generative Codec Transformer

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arxiv 2409.00750 v3 pith:6PICN2B2 submitted 2024-09-01 cs.SD cs.AIcs.LGeess.AS

classification cs.SDcs.AIcs.LGeess.AS
keywords maskgctmodelsystemstokensspeechdurationduringmasked
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The recent large-scale text-to-speech (TTS) systems are usually grouped as autoregressive and non-autoregressive systems. The autoregressive systems implicitly model duration but exhibit certain deficiencies in robustness and lack of duration controllability. Non-autoregressive systems require explicit alignment information between text and speech during training and predict durations for linguistic units (e.g. phone), which may compromise their naturalness. In this paper, we introduce Masked Generative Codec Transformer (MaskGCT), a fully non-autoregressive TTS model that eliminates the need for explicit alignment information between text and speech supervision, as well as phone-level duration prediction. MaskGCT is a two-stage model: in the first stage, the model uses text to predict semantic tokens extracted from a speech self-supervised learning (SSL) model, and in the second stage, the model predicts acoustic tokens conditioned on these semantic tokens. MaskGCT follows the mask-and-predict learning paradigm. During training, MaskGCT learns to predict masked semantic or acoustic tokens based on given conditions and prompts. During inference, the model generates tokens of a specified length in a parallel manner. Experiments with 100K hours of in-the-wild speech demonstrate that MaskGCT outperforms the current state-of-the-art zero-shot TTS systems in terms of quality, similarity, and intelligibility. Audio samples are available at https://maskgct.github.io/. We release our code and model checkpoints at https://github.com/open-mmlab/Amphion/blob/main/models/tts/maskgct.

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Cited by 20 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. StellarTTS: Sparse Temporal Embedding for Low-Latency and Robust Speech Synthesis

    cs.SD 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A mobile-oriented 83M-parameter masked transformer with sparse phone-anchored temporal embeddings achieves RTF 0.08 and lower WER than MaskGCT/F5-TTS on Seed-TTS test sets.

  2. FlowTTS-GRPO: Online Reinforcement Learning with Multi-Objective Reward Optimization for Flow-Matching Based Text-to-Speech

    eess.AS 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    FlowTTS-GRPO fine-tunes open-source flow-matching TTS models with multi-objective online RL via ODE-to-SDE conversion, improving speaker similarity and quality on CosyVoice 3.0 and F5-TTS.

  3. DLLM-TTS: Block Discrete Diffusion Language Model for Text-to-Speech Synthesis

    cs.CL 2026-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Block discrete diffusion over X-Codec2 tokens yields competitive zero-shot TTS with 0.6B parameters, 20K training hours, and a 0.15 real-time factor.

  4. UniVoice: Unifying Autoregressive ASR and Flow-Matching based TTS with Large Language Models

    eess.AS 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A single LLM can do ASR and zero-shot TTS on continuous speech features by switching between causal and bidirectional attention, reaching competitive but not state-of-the-art results.

  5. DiTReducio: A Training-Free Acceleration for DiT-Based TTS via Progressive Calibration

    cs.SD 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    DiTReducio is a training-free, pattern-guided layer and branch skipping method that accelerates DiT-based TTS, reporting significant FLOP and RTF reductions with modest quality loss at tuned thresholds.

  6. Entropy-based Coarse and Compressed Semantic Speech Representation Learning

    cs.CL 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Predictive entropy from a token-level speech language model finds merge boundaries, producing compressed semantic tokens that keep ASR and translation accuracy at 15 Hz while lowering latency.

  7. DMOSpeech 2: Reinforcement Learning for Duration Prediction in Metric-Optimized Speech Synthesis

    eess.AS 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Reinforcement learning on duration prediction improves intelligibility and speaker similarity in a 4-step distilled text-to-speech model, and teacher-guided sampling recovers prosodic diversity.

  8. Investigation of Zero-shot Text-to-Speech Models for Enhancing Short-Utterance Speaker Verification

    cs.SD 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Fusing zero-shot TTS-generated speech embeddings with original short-utterance embeddings reduces speaker-verification EER by 10-16% on VoxCeleb1 without retraining.

  9. Speech Token Prediction via Compressed-to-fine Language Modeling for Speech Generation

    eess.AS 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Compressed-to-fine language modeling improves speech token prediction by retaining prompt and local tokens while compressing long-range token spans into compact summaries.

  10. VoiceStar: Robust Zero-Shot Autoregressive TTS with Duration Control and Extrapolation

    eess.AS 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    VoiceStar uses a progress-based rotary position embedding and mixed prompt training to give zero-shot voice cloning precise duration control and much longer output than training clips.

  11. Multimodal Large Language Model-Enabled Video Translation: A Role-Oriented Survey

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    The paper offers the first focused review of MLLM-based video translation organized by a three-role taxonomy of Semantic Reasoner, Expressive Performer, and Visual Synthesizer, plus open challenges.

  12. FireRedTTS-2: Towards Long Conversational Speech Generation for Podcast and Chatbot

    cs.SD 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    FireRedTTS-2 generates long multi-speaker conversations in a streaming, sentence-by-sentence way using a new low-rate speech tokenizer and a dual-transformer text-speech model.

  13. CodecBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Acoustic and Semantic Evaluation

    eess.AS 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    CodecBench ranks 14 audio codecs on acoustic fidelity and semantic preservation across 19 datasets and four audio domains, revealing a reconstruction-versus-semantics tradeoff.

  14. Adaptive Duration Model for Text Speech Alignment

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    DurFormer, an adaptive duration prediction model with speed, scene, and semantic conditioning, improves phoneme-level duration accuracy and lowers word error rate in Mandarin text-to-speech.

  15. Quantize More, Lose Less: Autoregressive Generation from Residually Quantized Speech Representations

    cs.SD 2025-07 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    QTTS models speech as sequences from a multi-codebook RVQ audio codec whose first codebook is trained with ASR supervision, aiming for higher-fidelity TTS than single-codebook systems.

  16. Collecting, Curating, and Annotating Good Quality Speech deepfake dataset for Famous Figures: Process and Challenges

    eess.AS 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A speech-deepfake dataset for ten public figures built with transcription-based segmentation reports high synthetic naturalness (NISQA 3.69) and a human misclassification rate of 61.9%.

  17. A Multi-Stage Framework for Multimodal Controllable Speech Synthesis

    cs.SD 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A three-stage training pipeline aligns face and text encoders to a pretrained speech-encoder space, then trains VITS on speech embeddings, and reports gains over single-modal baselines.

  18. IndexTTS2: A Breakthrough in Emotionally Expressive and Duration-Controlled Auto-Regressive Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    IndexTTS2 achieves precise token-count-based duration control and emotion/speaker disentanglement in an autoregressive zero-shot TTS, reporting SOTA WER, speaker similarity, and emotional fidelity.

  19. Phir Hera Fairy: An English Fairytaler is a Strong Faker of Fluent Speech in Low-Resource Indian Languages

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Fine-tuning the English F5-TTS model on small Indian-language datasets yields a near-human-quality polyglot TTS (IN-F5) with voice cloning, code-mixing, and zero-resource synthesis for Bhojpuri and Tulu.

  20. Accelerating Flow-Matching-Based Text-to-Speech via Empirically Pruned Step Sampling

    eess.AS 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A hand-designed, training-free step schedule prunes later sampling steps in flow-matching TTS, cutting F5-TTS inference cost by about 4x while keeping quality roughly unchanged.

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