See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? | Paper Citation Record

Observation ceea200d-26cc-4835-bebe-0a5c63819f39 · outbound

This paper cites Kao, Adina Williams, Michael Rabbat, and Emmanuel Dupoux.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Kao, Adina Williams, Michael Rabbat, and Emmanuel Dupoux

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.533422Z

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Observation abc8c243-2b73-43c4-8c2d-9d94347d6c46 · outbound

This paper cites M3CoT: A novel benchmark for multi- domain multi-step multi-modal chain-of-thought.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? M3CoT: A novel benchmark for multi- domain multi-step multi-modal chain-of-thought

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.537659Z

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Observation a9602b30-09bb-41bf-a683-ec629425ae12 · outbound

This paper cites Do Multimodal Agents Really Benefit from Tool Use? A Systematic Study of Capability Gains.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Do Multimodal Agents Really Benefit from Tool Use? A Systematic Study of Capability Gains

Reference 3

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Observation 7d8bd2ea-cb7d-41ac-9776-b5e389f93bde · outbound

This paper cites Rbench-v: A primary assessment for visual reasoning models with multi-modal outputs, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Rbench-v: A primary assessment for visual reasoning models with multi-modal outputs, 2025

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.544761Z

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Observation ed848c46-b96c-4906-a652-80b2149d984a · outbound

This paper cites Can mllms reason in multimodality? emma: An enhanced multimodal reasoning benchmark, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Can mllms reason in multimodality? emma: An enhanced multimodal reasoning benchmark, 2025

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.548069Z

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Observation 19ec7674-8f35-45b8-9aed-e43058c53d4a · outbound

This paper cites TVI-CoT: Text-Visual Interleaved Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Multimodal Understanding.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? TVI-CoT: Text-Visual Interleaved Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Multimodal Understanding

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.553205Z

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Observation dae03d3e-953e-4dc4-ae66-d125d35e78e8 · outbound

This paper cites Visual Sketchpad: Sketching as a Visual Chain of Thought for Multimodal Language Models.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Visual Sketchpad: Sketching as a Visual Chain of Thought for Multimodal Language Models

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.556986Z

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Observation 45c97480-da36-43a6-8444-6bbe2ef7ac27 · outbound

This paper cites MME-CoT: Benchmarking chain-of-thought in large multimodal models for reasoning quality, robustness, and efficiency.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? MME-CoT: Benchmarking chain-of-thought in large multimodal models for reasoning quality, robustness, and efficiency

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.560274Z

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Observation 26edf29c-00db-4b42-9e5b-b9cba6e26a89 · outbound

This paper cites Lawrence Zitnick, and Ross Girshick.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Lawrence Zitnick, and Ross Girshick

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.563237Z

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Observation 8b5cd433-5fda-4e54-8d95-dc95faaa9a25 · outbound

This paper cites DROID: A large-scale in-the-wild robot manipulation dataset, 2024.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? DROID: A large-scale in-the-wild robot manipulation dataset, 2024

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.566343Z

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Observation d4ab71dd-167b-41ec-b3d5-80ef2b4fbedd · outbound

This paper cites Reliable thinking with images.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.12916, 2026.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Reliable thinking with images.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.12916, 2026

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.570083Z

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Observation 67a9bba5-43ad-4e1f-8ccf-6cf4219b6cd4 · outbound

This paper cites S1-VL: Scientific Multimodal Reasoning Model with Thinking-with-Images.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? S1-VL: Scientific Multimodal Reasoning Model with Thinking-with-Images

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.572980Z

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Observation 6fc47bb5-820d-40b2-8b64-954a4f1816eb · outbound

This paper cites Super-CLEVR: A virtual benchmark to diagnose domain robustness in visual reasoning.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Super-CLEVR: A virtual benchmark to diagnose domain robustness in visual reasoning

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.576140Z

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Observation 027a5dad-9f0d-431b-b61b-eabd304e06e6 · outbound

This paper cites TwiFF (think with future frames): A large-scale dataset for dynamic visual reasoning.arXivpreprintarXiv:2602.10675, 2026.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? TwiFF (think with future frames): A large-scale dataset for dynamic visual reasoning.arXivpreprintarXiv:2602.10675, 2026

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.578969Z

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Observation 550a36d5-e98f-4dc5-a847-930aaaf19aa1 · outbound

This paper cites Let’s think with images efficiently! an interleaved-modal chain-of-thought reasoning framework with dynamic and precise visual thoughts.arXivpreprint arXiv:2603.21754, 2026.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Let’s think with images efficiently! an interleaved-modal chain-of-thought reasoning framework with dynamic and precise visual thoughts.arXivpreprint arXiv:2603.21754, 2026

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.581883Z

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Observation 34a2c605-cbd1-491a-85eb-ce6a73f88ac0 · outbound

This paper cites On the faithfulness of visual thinking: Measurement and enhancement.arXivpreprintarXiv:2510.23482, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? On the faithfulness of visual thinking: Measurement and enhancement.arXivpreprintarXiv:2510.23482, 2025

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.584808Z

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Observation 64ea9b14-85c4-4574-bead-124ce19ac16d · outbound

This paper cites MathVista: Evaluating mathematical reasoning of foundation models in visual contexts.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? MathVista: Evaluating mathematical reasoning of foundation models in visual contexts

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.587689Z

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Observation 81730bcf-1afd-4da9-9602-61da1aae1d10 · outbound

This paper cites Prism-bench: A benchmark of puzzle-based visual tasks with cot error detection, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Prism-bench: A benchmark of puzzle-based visual tasks with cot error detection, 2025

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.590463Z

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Observation 25dadfcb-2293-408d-89ce-9cb6a266b4f7 · outbound

This paper cites V-thinker: Interactive thinking with images.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.04460, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? V-thinker: Interactive thinking with images.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.04460, 2025

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.593537Z

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Observation 53241768-9313-4d39-8061-bc396a0728b6 · outbound

This paper cites Mathcanvas: Intrinsic visual chain-of-thought for multimodal mathematical reasoning.arXiv preprintarXiv:2510.14958, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Mathcanvas: Intrinsic visual chain-of-thought for multimodal mathematical reasoning.arXiv preprintarXiv:2510.14958, 2025

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.596386Z

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Observation ad27c28d-a75e-4e4b-aa7e-abc964918073 · outbound

This paper cites OpenThinkIMG: Learning to Think with Images via Visual Tool Reinforcement Learning.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? OpenThinkIMG: Learning to Think with Images via Visual Tool Reinforcement Learning

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.599382Z

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Observation 272c90f6-1083-4a6b-9aab-ec9c628fac2f · outbound

This paper cites Le, and Denny Zhou.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Le, and Denny Zhou

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.602477Z

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Observation 29784332-b18d-4693-8f56-eae7f94016a1 · outbound

This paper cites Vic-bench: Benchmarking visual-interleaved chain-of-thought capability in mllms with free-style intermediate state representations.arXivpreprint arXiv:2505.14404, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Vic-bench: Benchmarking visual-interleaved chain-of-thought capability in mllms with free-style intermediate state representations.arXivpreprint arXiv:2505.14404, 2025

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.605298Z

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Observation 0d11f08f-6272-47f8-8f0b-86454827cea6 · outbound

This paper cites How and What to Imagine? Visual Thinking in Unified Multimodal Models for Cross-View Spatial Reasoning.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? How and What to Imagine? Visual Thinking in Unified Multimodal Models for Cross-View Spatial Reasoning

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.608340Z

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Observation 9b906d49-9f1c-4e96-80b6-e2f12fa6e915 · outbound

This paper cites Walk the Talk: Bridging the Reasoning-Action Gap for Thinking with Images via Multimodal Agentic Policy Optimization.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Walk the Talk: Bridging the Reasoning-Action Gap for Thinking with Images via Multimodal Agentic Policy Optimization

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.611674Z

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Observation e619ffa4-27fd-44aa-b403-6fdd003eaac2 · outbound

This paper cites MMMU: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understandingandreasoningbenchmarkforexpertAGI.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? MMMU: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understandingandreasoningbenchmarkforexpertAGI

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.614768Z

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Observation 7a47c920-6337-489b-9066-7eeca7643bad · outbound

This paper cites VLABench: A large-scale benchmark for language-conditioned robotics manipulation with long-horizon reasoning tasks, 2024.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? VLABench: A large-scale benchmark for language-conditioned robotics manipulation with long-horizon reasoning tasks, 2024

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.617971Z

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Observation 073a3bd0-2d98-4fee-9a1d-aa0a4375f4a4 · outbound

This paper cites Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Models.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Models

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.620949Z

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Observation 1c63436e-f1a4-4505-ad89-e5fbdde84415 · outbound

This paper cites Thinking with images as continuous actions: Numerical visual chain-of-thought.arXivpreprint arXiv:2602.23959, 2026.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Thinking with images as continuous actions: Numerical visual chain-of-thought.arXivpreprint arXiv:2602.23959, 2026

Reference 29

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Observation 4d13fa59-de63-489e-8463-8ecb04d257e9 · outbound

This paper cites DeepEyes: Incentivizing "Thinking with Images" via Reinforcement Learning.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? DeepEyes: Incentivizing "Thinking with Images" via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.627112Z

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Observation 3af436eb-a351-4837-8823-d4bd82cac763 · outbound

This paper cites Whenvisualizingisthefirststeptoreasoning: Mira, a benchmark for visual chain-of-thought.arXiv preprintarXiv:2511.02779, 2025.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Whenvisualizingisthefirststeptoreasoning: Mira, a benchmark for visual chain-of-thought.arXiv preprintarXiv:2511.02779, 2025

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.630224Z

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Observation fd613f3f-87f9-4367-8f0e-00eee46f6ad6 · outbound

This paper cites What, whether and how? unveiling process reward models for thinking with images reasoning.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.08346, 2026.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? What, whether and how? unveiling process reward models for thinking with images reasoning.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.08346, 2026

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.633014Z

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Observation ea7a89c3-2523-493c-9dfe-df3b26c7a07f · outbound

This paper cites Never collapse multiple ideas.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Never collapse multiple ideas

Reference 33

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Observation f3f93aa1-d8f1-41ee-8153-9961409ea493 · outbound

This paper cites stress concentration at joint.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? stress concentration at joint

Reference 34

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Observation ef6d4d3a-c20a-41f5-9c25-f9c99f8e3a68 · outbound

This paper cites Friction.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Friction

Reference 35

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Observation 4a5884a5-7bb6-4ae4-974b-f918cef2afab · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

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Observation 08dc0956-b00d-4d40-ad2d-eaf6172f2eb1 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

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Observation 73371f61-5bda-437e-8158-355095454732 · outbound

This paper cites The ‘action‘ array MUST contain exactly one item.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? The ‘action‘ array MUST contain exactly one item

Reference 38

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Observation c9fb6c98-3648-44e3-9397-bed18c948cfd · outbound

This paper cites shape":.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? shape":

Reference 39

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Observation 0163d187-5a0c-4a07-8c62-31d7b7c92983 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

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Observation eb0d507e-921a-42ac-b5d7-31b20d7a9d1f · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

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Observation cef1cb31-8a30-44f4-91c4-f4a841973bda · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

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Observation f09f6f84-41d0-4a1b-9f9e-aa5c50f8b0bb · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

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Observation c81ec226-fa95-4910-bd17-eb783fbd6bcf · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

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Observation dfabcd36-3d59-4f97-bbd4-0e7f9aa34685 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

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Observation ed798cd9-3c39-475c-9962-1063a0f46ccb · outbound

This paper cites step": N,.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? step": N,

Reference 46

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

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Observation d865021d-3a72-4605-b188-b4920efaa418 · outbound

This paper cites question.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? question

Reference 48

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Observation 48ff0102-c181-4c95-81ca-5abdfb27fc93 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

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Observation 66922652-a1bd-4d0d-83ea-e71211668e61 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

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Observation 4a31e8a4-eec4-4e35-93d2-87159b70832f · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

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Observation 0171318b-b2a9-4722-847a-39185a9ca77a · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

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Observation 19856ffa-3bbf-4bbc-926f-01f3aa63e7d2 · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

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Observation 7595bf09-4d9a-4ca9-aaaa-80aa95e8860d · outbound

This paper cites correct": true or false,.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? correct": true or false,

Reference 54

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Observation 4f89d73d-2acd-44b0-b3ef-64eb57072401 · outbound

This paper cites If there is no effective visual operation, use null.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? If there is no effective visual operation, use null

Reference 55

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Observation a0e5dae0-b272-4eb8-8b2f-63125b8636c1 · outbound

This paper cites - 1: The visual action directly targets task-relevant evidence and is useful for solving the question.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? - 1: The visual action directly targets task-relevant evidence and is useful for solving the question

Reference 56

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Observation 8a1a0813-d11b-4d1d-8668-48540d221c93 · outbound

This paper cites - 1: The rendered visual state faithfully executes the intended action.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? - 1: The rendered visual state faithfully executes the intended action

Reference 57

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Observation f02bd525-1d62-4e88-b55a-e4607d86d433 · outbound

This paper cites key_step_id.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? key_step_id

Reference 58

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.707859Z

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Observation 567dba69-5ae0-4abb-96f5-cd620d8946ba · outbound

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See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 59

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.711161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 033c161a-91ed-4d0b-afdd-2c1b0f6104b8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.713952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 240a4b35-a912-49af-bca8-25fa75d08216 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.716494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 463a13b3-6b47-4ae8-bf6b-5bdd88df3907 · outbound

This paper cites This construction covers high-action/failed-answer cases, rendering failures, partial renders, and weak action selection across all audited models and environments.

See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States? This construction covers high-action/failed-answer cases, rendering failures, partial renders, and weak action selection across all audited models and environments

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T21:38:08.719207Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Coverage vector

Reference resolution

Outbound references

Pith citing papers