MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning | Paper Citation Record

Observation 38fc84e2-20b4-4c7b-9f19-88a7c61e6d59 · outbound

This paper cites Disentangling Adaptive Gradient Methods from Learning Rates.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Disentangling Adaptive Gradient Methods from Learning Rates

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:21.617424Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4d039c1f-4e41-4e81-9f11-2e7d27fcf294 · outbound

This paper cites Natural gradient works eﬃciently in learning.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Natural gradient works eﬃciently in learning

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.726413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d376bcb4-0974-452d-8d57-5b3d9738ccf1 · outbound

This paper cites The Polar Express: Optimal Matrix Sign Methods and Their Application to the Muon Algorithm.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning The Polar Express: Optimal Matrix Sign Methods and Their Application to the Muon Algorithm

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:21.751054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c39c7026-d9be-44d5-8b3c-0eb081b5494d · outbound

This paper cites Scalable Second Order Optimization for Deep Learning.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Scalable Second Order Optimization for Deep Learning

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:21.841803Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7c832bf3-c36b-45a3-9ed8-a3b1839cc383 · outbound

This paper cites Memory eﬃcient adaptive optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Memory eﬃcient adaptive optimization

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.719835Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 6cb16ab7-dd03-4f7a-a75f-c19376294716 · outbound

This paper cites High- dimensional sgd aligns with emerging outlier eigenspaces.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning High- dimensional sgd aligns with emerging outlier eigenspaces

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.713508Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 0a24bb5f-eb5b-44f2-8794-823defd701d4 · outbound

This paper cites signsgd: Compressed optimisation for non-convex problems.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning signsgd: Compressed optimisation for non-convex problems

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.706862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f1cafe61-1fca-4743-acd0-a19dee7e92f7 · outbound

This paper cites On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.182583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 751988a4-d9c3-4ca8-b11b-5b100e2d8ea9 · outbound

This paper cites Practical gauss-newton optimisation for deep learning.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Practical gauss-newton optimisation for deep learning

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.700291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 600faa4a-5364-4450-ab5c-5d3f28a22197 · outbound

This paper cites MuonEq: Balancing Before Orthogonalization with Lightweight Equilibration.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning MuonEq: Balancing Before Orthogonalization with Lightweight Equilibration

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.376080Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ec7d9c38-71a3-44d4-be97-65e8a990e797 · outbound

This paper cites Trasmuon: Trust-region adaptive scaling for orthogonalized momentum optimizers.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Trasmuon: Trust-region adaptive scaling for orthogonalized momentum optimizers

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.493454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dcac77e0-b47b-415a-a411-b26c8caf99f5 · outbound

This paper cites Dauphin, Razvan Pascanu, Caglar Gulcehre, Kyunghyun Cho, Surya Ganguli, and Yoshua Bengio.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Dauphin, Razvan Pascanu, Caglar Gulcehre, Kyunghyun Cho, Surya Ganguli, and Yoshua Bengio

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.692779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation fa4bcda7-3491-47ee-b2cc-3c81a1526865 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.693270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d75d5c23-6492-43f0-9485-df8221bb1c82 · outbound

This paper cites RMNP: Row-Momentum Normalized Preconditioning for Scalable Matrix-Based Optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning RMNP: Row-Momentum Normalized Preconditioning for Scalable Matrix-Based Optimization

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.776815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 35497ea9-3574-4945-b160-c8c682092b9f · outbound

This paper cites Aurora: A leverage-aware optimizer for rectangular matrices, 2026.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Aurora: A leverage-aware optimizer for rectangular matrices, 2026

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.685627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e196038f-fd4d-4411-9a59-369f1f6ff6cb · outbound

This paper cites Towards quantifying the hessian structure of neural networks.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Towards quantifying the hessian structure of neural networks

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:22.941371Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 99428ecf-64fe-4b88-a9f1-2ec3117c8317 · outbound

This paper cites The newton-muon optimizer.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning The newton-muon optimizer

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.004678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8a581f8f-0e0a-48b3-9049-3b3e5f08e4d5 · outbound

This paper cites Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.678803Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation a96b7519-0c91-4333-8098-568399557158 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.672045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 3ff5130e-8936-4cf1-bfbd-db8ee45af184 · outbound

This paper cites What really matters in matrix-whitening optimizers? arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.25000 , 2025.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning What really matters in matrix-whitening optimizers? arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.25000 , 2025

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.272265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7564c7b1-8180-4413-bbe6-a4fb6d0a0a59 · outbound

This paper cites A stable whitening optimizer for eﬃcient neural network training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning A stable whitening optimizer for eﬃcient neural network training

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.662933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation c461ad46-42e3-41ec-8773-b4eb95118592 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.480361Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a91d9292-2b83-4e33-8485-5792f703470b · outbound

This paper cites An investigation into neural net opti- mization via hessian eigenvalue density.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning An investigation into neural net opti- mization via hessian eigenvalue density

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.654113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 2b8802f1-4e63-40af-9266-7eab6b7a1e87 · outbound

This paper cites Openwebtext corpus, 2019.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Openwebtext corpus, 2019

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.630765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dc80e3ad-45dd-4aa1-a7bf-161c4e6dd8d6 · outbound

This paper cites Accelerating newton-schulz itera- tion for orthogonalization via chebyshev-type polynomials.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Accelerating newton-schulz itera- tion for orthogonalization via chebyshev-type polynomials

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.682042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc6924d6-b91b-4d32-ad84-ef8bf84bec02 · outbound

This paper cites Shampoo: Preconditioned stochastic tensor optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Shampoo: Preconditioned stochastic tensor optimization

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.643211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 8d7483a2-cb1d-4057-8deb-244461e667ab · outbound

This paper cites Low-rank Orthogonalization for Large-scale Matrix Optimization with Applications to Foundation Model Training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Low-rank Orthogonalization for Large-scale Matrix Optimization with Applications to Foundation Model Training

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.802805Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0dac146e-fab6-4558-9f2e-3daa4d3fcf4f · outbound

This paper cites Spectra: Rethinking optimizers for llms under spectral anisotropy.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Spectra: Rethinking optimizers for llms under spectral anisotropy

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:23.850618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25c995a2-0d57-41d0-b221-8d117e3e047b · outbound

This paper cites Richter, Quentin Anthony, Timo- thée Lesort, Eugene Belilovsky, and Irina Rish.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Richter, Quentin Anthony, Timo- thée Lesort, Eugene Belilovsky, and Irina Rish

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.637605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation bf2caf02-75fb-4e9f-8144-759154d57b96 · outbound

This paper cites Muon: An optimizer for hidden layers in neural networks, 2024.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Muon: An optimizer for hidden layers in neural networks, 2024

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.630274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b98a7b41-971b-438d-8fbd-cd53ef4866bc · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.112454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 104e684d-2874-48d2-9eb5-d0a61cae1211 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.623277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 100719c2-0716-4587-a6e3-cb8d99e8d99a · outbound

This paper cites Kingma and Jimmy Ba.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Kingma and Jimmy Ba

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.616971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b3d1639e-91fc-4ab7-b5a2-3c11ea0e5ec3 · outbound

This paper cites Polargrad: A class of matrix-gradient optimizers from a unifying preconditioning perspective.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Polargrad: A class of matrix-gradient optimizers from a unifying preconditioning perspective

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.333555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 57cc2817-d012-454c-bdf1-1005e17540a9 · outbound

This paper cites Variance-adaptive muon: Accelerating llm pretraining with nsr-modulated and variance-scaled momentum.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Variance-adaptive muon: Accelerating llm pretraining with nsr-modulated and variance-scaled momentum

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.412816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 84a83b1a-e028-44a1-bcda-c48f040087e2 · outbound

This paper cites Normuon: Making muon more eﬃcient and scalable.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Normuon: Making muon more eﬃcient and scalable

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.468772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 95c0c2e0-5f9a-44b4-8541-f739d53ae88c · outbound

This paper cites Muown: Row-Norm Control for Muon Optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Muown: Row-Norm Control for Muon Optimization

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.558872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d886fd75-eb11-4e76-9f21-4470fd037021 · outbound

This paper cites Sophia: A scalable stochas- tic second-order optimizer for language model pre-training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Sophia: A scalable stochas- tic second-order optimizer for language model pre-training

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.611558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e89f7ad5-68be-459a-95aa-08a0dfaeeaa7 · outbound

This paper cites Muon is Scalable for LLM Training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Muon is Scalable for LLM Training

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.663989Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5eaf3f29-935c-4c0b-ac40-83891f8c99b4 · outbound

This paper cites Muon$^2$: Boosting Muon via Adaptive Second-Moment Preconditioning.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Muon$^2$: Boosting Muon via Adaptive Second-Moment Preconditioning

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:24.730413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d91e20a-def4-4152-9dc3-bfb263753a16 · outbound

This paper cites Decoupled weight decay regularization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Decoupled weight decay regularization

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.605395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 847a64fc-95e3-4421-84ab-8ebd769a342d · outbound

This paper cites Deep learning via hessian-free optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Deep learning via hessian-free optimization

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.599074Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation be82f11d-48f3-4b52-b86c-75d06bca31a2 · outbound

This paper cites Optimizing neural networks with kronecker-factored ap- proximate curvature.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Optimizing neural networks with kronecker-factored ap- proximate curvature

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.593286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 6aa4c6de-ab4f-4edc-ac4a-2f33ba2ff0af · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 4 herd: The beginning of a new era of natively multimodal ai innovation.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning The Llama 4 herd: The beginning of a new era of natively multimodal ai innovation

Reference 44

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.587574Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 979b2823-0e0e-4a48-8b32-320969c1cf4c · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models: A Survey.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Large Language Models: A Survey

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:25.129294Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bfc6e6e2-efd5-42b2-b630-438bf513bcfb · outbound

This paper cites Improved convergence rates of muon optimizer for nonconvex optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Improved convergence rates of muon optimizer for nonconvex optimization

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:25.184092Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af076d3f-fb73-4ce8-9211-432cca962ff0 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Large-Scale Language Model Training on GPU Clusters Using Megatron-LM.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Efficient Large-Scale Language Model Training on GPU Clusters Using Megatron-LM

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:25.283911Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 865b51ee-5e70-445d-9959-0d638a0d2556 · outbound

This paper cites Lectures on Convex Optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Lectures on Convex Optimization

Reference 48

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.581968Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 422b44ea-eee5-44a1-ad42-836e843d2a5d · outbound

This paper cites Spectral Flattening Is All Muon Needs: How Orthogonalization Controls Learning Rate and Convergence.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Spectral Flattening Is All Muon Needs: How Orthogonalization Controls Learning Rate and Convergence

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:25.425674Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2ffd8691-ffad-4d4e-929e-bbc9cb8c81d0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.575764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 346c4233-3319-490f-a9fb-fbe23cfae1f1 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-5.5 System Card.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning GPT-5.5 System Card

Reference 51

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.569816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d5158dab-97e2-4ab6-8384-41759f24e32d · outbound

This paper cites Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:25.738766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 977a3837-7089-4e90-b4e1-3ac8cbcdd601 · outbound

This paper cites ZeRO: Memory op- timizations toward training trillion parameter models.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning ZeRO: Memory op- timizations toward training trillion parameter models

Reference 53

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.556582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 835fa588-2e5d-4c57-b07d-e377989d01d7 · outbound

This paper cites Navigating LLM Valley: From AdamW to Memory-Efficient and Matrix-Based Optimizers.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Navigating LLM Valley: From AdamW to Memory-Efficient and Matrix-Based Optimizers

Reference 54

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.826682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 85f92efc-a105-4a85-b795-b5053d1c5b31 · outbound

This paper cites Sumo: Subspace- aware moment-orthogonalization for accelerating memory-eﬃcient llm training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Sumo: Subspace- aware moment-orthogonalization for accelerating memory-eﬃcient llm training

Reference 55

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.549441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 05b96157-b93f-4ab2-a973-2aec881ef778 · outbound

This paper cites Eigenvalues of the Hessian in Deep Learning: Singularity and Beyond.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Eigenvalues of the Hessian in Deep Learning: Singularity and Beyond

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:26.067685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation de7ee2b9-7d88-4d49-87b4-097a681596d7 · outbound

This paper cites Empirical Analysis of the Hessian of Over-Parametrized Neural Networks.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Empirical Analysis of the Hessian of Over-Parametrized Neural Networks

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:26.179219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 609964e7-874e-47d6-8e72-c58e422582ea · outbound

This paper cites Uğur Güney, Yann Dauphin, and Léon Bottou.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Uğur Güney, Yann Dauphin, and Léon Bottou

Reference 58

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.541213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 0ef54716-885a-49de-84e3-18f7c1e4c1bf · outbound

This paper cites Schraudolph.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Schraudolph

Reference 59

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.534369Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 6f64a6b1-b4d5-4c50-872e-1c161b6e8b0d · outbound

This paper cites Adafactor: Adaptive learning rates with sublinear memory cost.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Adafactor: Adaptive learning rates with sublinear memory cost

Reference 60

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.526545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 8025c6f0-59d6-4b08-94b3-c7bbf64655aa · outbound

This paper cites On the Convergence Analysis of Muon.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning On the Convergence Analysis of Muon

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:26.332071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4164bb5b-71c0-49eb-820f-1695a73c7237 · outbound

This paper cites Adamuon: Adaptive muon optimizer.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Adamuon: Adaptive muon optimizer

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:26.456901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b586bf1-f419-4aee-aad5-e696582c5492 · outbound

This paper cites Decoupling Variance and Scale-Invariant Updates in Adaptive Gradient Descent for Unified Vector and Matrix Optimization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Decoupling Variance and Scale-Invariant Updates in Adaptive Gradient Descent for Unified Vector and Matrix Optimization

Reference 63

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.745528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 5f2b02f1-26d1-4d3d-afd7-dcf2e6352409 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.518159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 3c3ce6ad-8887-4eab-b3f1-9007f6ba02f4 · outbound

This paper cites Lecture 6.5—rmsprop: Divide the gradient by a running average of its recent magnitude.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Lecture 6.5—rmsprop: Divide the gradient by a running average of its recent magnitude

Reference 65

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.511308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 870192ab-1754-478f-b0e5-56c3203674f2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.503194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 5229fb1b-4dc2-43a6-a702-8f4bd84c2427 · outbound

This paper cites Under- standing warmup-stable-decay learning rates: A river valley loss landscape perspective.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Under- standing warmup-stable-decay learning rates: A river valley loss landscape perspective

Reference 67

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.494801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation dea124a5-336d-4a14-9fd9-54e05985f21d · outbound

This paper cites Fismo: Fisher-structured momentum-orthogonalized optimizer.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Fismo: Fisher-structured momentum-orthogonalized optimizer

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.365848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bbbef76b-0e01-4e29-bd09-048d7d1122d9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.488254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 91772996-af74-47e2-8c83-6c547d26a035 · outbound

This paper cites Preconditioning for accelerated gradient descent optimization and regularization.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Preconditioning for accelerated gradient descent optimization and regularization

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.392259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 39f4bcbf-ccc7-4656-96d3-a93ab7ea63b6 · outbound

This paper cites Nora: Normalized Orthogonal Row Alignment for Scalable Matrix Optimizer.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Nora: Normalized Orthogonal Row Alignment for Scalable Matrix Optimizer

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.395150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 28ae3ff4-ff1c-42ed-b929-5b80ab836b0a · outbound

This paper cites Gram newton–schulz: A fast, hardware-aware newton–schulz algorithm for muon.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Gram newton–schulz: A fast, hardware-aware newton–schulz algorithm for muon

Reference 72

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.481968Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 40de983d-b3d0-4ec0-93df-92dad791463c · outbound

This paper cites Adam improves muon: Adaptive moment estimation with orthogonalized momentum.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Adam improves muon: Adaptive moment estimation with orthogonalized momentum

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.400434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f91eb9bd-6646-4f07-acd2-7f476676e1ce · outbound

This paper cites MUON+: Towards More Effective Muon via One Additional Normalization Step for LLM Pre-training.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning MUON+: Towards More Effective Muon via One Additional Normalization Step for LLM Pre-training

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.402752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9dd9adc6-ddd0-4e5a-8f06-25ab3518c103 · outbound

This paper cites Mousse: Rectifying the geometry of muon with curvature-aware precon- ditioning.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Mousse: Rectifying the geometry of muon with curvature-aware precon- ditioning

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.405547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 03b23904-8cec-424e-883e-b0c7b6c32b63 · outbound

This paper cites Why transformers need adam: A hessian perspective.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Why transformers need adam: A hessian perspective

Reference 76

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.474875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 0768044d-6441-4276-8884-5389d254a755 · outbound

This paper cites Kingma, Yinyu Ye, Zhi-Quan Luo, and Ruoyu Sun.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Kingma, Yinyu Ye, Zhi-Quan Luo, and Ruoyu Sun

Reference 77

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.467729Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7726f90d-7365-437a-8f4f-5cf2e5d312ce · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Large Language Models.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning A Survey of Large Language Models

Reference 78

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:27.412157Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83c71be2-6bfe-46d5-83fd-f1920dfce38b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MALT: Lightweight Curvature-Aware Muon via Diagonal Preconditioning Unresolved cited work

Reference 2026

Resolution: parse uncertain; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T05:39:28.563725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Coverage vector

Reference resolution

Outbound references

Pith citing papers