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How Far Are We from Intelligent Visual Deductive Reasoning?

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arxiv 2403.04732 v3 pith:3LLQPAT5 submitted 2024-03-07 cs.AI cs.CLcs.CV

classification cs.AIcs.CLcs.CV
keywords reasoningvlmsdeductivevisualtasksdiversellmsperform
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated incredible strides on diverse vision language tasks. We dig into vision-based deductive reasoning, a more sophisticated but less explored realm, and find previously unexposed blindspots in the current SOTA VLMs. Specifically, we leverage Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs), to assess VLMs' abilities to perform multi-hop relational and deductive reasoning relying solely on visual clues. We perform comprehensive evaluations of several popular VLMs employing standard strategies such as in-context learning, self-consistency, and Chain-of-thoughts (CoT) on three diverse datasets, including the Mensa IQ test, IntelligenceTest, and RAVEN. The results reveal that despite the impressive capabilities of LLMs in text-based reasoning, we are still far from achieving comparable proficiency in visual deductive reasoning. We found that certain standard strategies that are effective when applied to LLMs do not seamlessly translate to the challenges presented by visual reasoning tasks. A detailed analysis reveals that VLMs struggle to solve these tasks mainly because they are unable to perceive and comprehend multiple, confounding abstract patterns in RPM examples.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Understanding Space Is Rocket Science -- Only Top Reasoning Models Can Solve Spatial Understanding Tasks

    cs.CV 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new contrastive real-image benchmark shows most vision-language models fail spatial relation tasks, while chain-of-thought reasoning models approach human-level accuracy.

  2. Beyond Perception: Evaluating Abstract Visual Reasoning through Multi-Stage Task

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    MultiStAR decomposes RAVEN abstract reasoning into five staged sub-tasks and MSEval scores partial progress, showing MLLMs handle basic perception but fail at rule deduction.

  3. Disentangling Perception and Reasoning in Multimodal LLMs via Reward Design

    cs.CV 2026-01 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    On AlgoPuzzleVQA, visual perception—not algorithmic reasoning—is the main bottleneck: giving Claude models clean text representations of images improves accuracy by 23.6–26.7 points, while GRPO reward design on Qwen-2...

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