Uniform stability of twisted constant scalar curvature K\"ahler metrics

We introduce a norm on the space of test configurations, which we call the minimum norm. We conjecture that uniform K-stability with respect to this norm is equivalent to the existence of a constant scalar curvature K\"ahler metric. This notion of uniform K-stability is analogous to coercivity of the Mabuchi functional. We characterise the triviality of test configurations, by showing that a test configuration has zero minimum norm if and only if it has zero $L^2$-norm, if and only if it is almost trivial. We prove that the existence of a twisted constant scalar curvature K\"ahler metric implies uniform twisted K-stability with respect to the minimum norm, when the twisting is ample. We give algebro-geometric proofs of uniform K-stability in the general type and Calabi-Yau cases, as well as in the Fano case under an alpha invariant condition. Our results hold for line bundles sufficiently close to the (anti)-canonical line bundle, and also in the twisted setting. We show that log K-stability implies twisted K-stability, and also that twisted K-semistability of a variety implies that the variety has mild singularities.