User-Centered Insights into Assistive Navigation Technologies for Individuals with Visual Impairment

Navigational challenges significantly impact the independence and mobility of Individuals with Visual Impairment (IVI). While numerous assistive technologies exist, their adoption remains limited due to usability challenges, financial constraints, and a lack of alignment with user needs. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining structured surveys and virtual workshops with 19 IVI to investigate their experiences, needs, and preferences regarding assistive technologies for navigation and daily living. The survey results provide insights into participants technological competence, preferences for assistive devices, and willingness to adopt new solutions. In parallel, workshop discussions offer qualitative perspectives on key navigation challenges, including difficulties in detecting overhead obstacles, navigating environments with complex layout, and the limitations of existing technologies. Findings highlight the need for assistive devices that integrate both navigational guidance and high-level spatial awareness, allowing users to build mental maps of their surroundings. Additionally, multimodal feedback, combining audio, haptic, and tactile cues, emerges as a crucial feature to accommodate diverse user preferences and environmental conditions. The study also underscores financial and training barriers that limit access to advanced assistive technologies. Based on these insights, we recommend the development of customizable, user-friendly, and most importantly affordable navigation aids that align with the daily needs of IVI. The findings from this study provide guidance for technology developers, researchers, and policymakers working toward more inclusive and effective assistive solutions.