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DeSTA2: Developing Instruction-Following Speech Language Model Without Speech Instruction-Tuning Data

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arxiv 2409.20007 v2 pith:N3ENU2IH submitted 2024-09-30 eess.AS cs.CLcs.SD

classification eess.AScs.CLcs.SD
keywords speechlanguagecapabilitiesslmsdatainstruction-tuningmodelmodels
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Recent end-to-end speech language models (SLMs) have expanded upon the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating pre-trained speech models. However, these SLMs often undergo extensive speech instruction-tuning to bridge the gap between speech and text modalities. This requires significant annotation efforts and risks catastrophic forgetting of the original language capabilities. In this work, we present a simple yet effective automatic process for creating speech-text pair data that carefully injects speech paralinguistic understanding abilities into SLMs while preserving the inherent language capabilities of the text-based LLM. Our model demonstrates general capabilities for speech-related tasks without the need for speech instruction-tuning data, achieving impressive performance on Dynamic-SUPERB and AIR-Bench-Chat benchmarks. Furthermore, our model exhibits the ability to follow complex instructions derived from LLMs, such as specific output formatting and chain-of-thought reasoning. Our approach not only enhances the versatility and effectiveness of SLMs but also reduces reliance on extensive annotated datasets, paving the way for more efficient and capable speech understanding systems.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Towards Reliable Large Audio Language Model

    cs.SD 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Training a large audio language model to say 'I don't know' on one audio type (speech, music, or sound) makes it more likely to refuse uncertain questions on the other types.

  2. Speech-IFEval: Evaluating Instruction-Following and Quantifying Catastrophic Forgetting in Speech-Aware Language Models

    eess.AS 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Most speech-aware language models follow written output-format instructions far worse than their text-only base LLMs, and Speech-IFEval measures this as catastrophic forgetting.

  3. Teaching Audio-Aware Large Language Models What Does Not Hear: Mitigating Hallucinations through Synthesized Negative Samples

    eess.AS 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A contrastive-style adapter trained on LLM-generated positive and negative audio descriptions improves audio hallucination accuracy to 77.5 percent and audio question answering to 84.3 percent, without changing the fr...

  4. ORCA: Open-ended Response Correctness Assessment for Audio Question Answering

    cs.SD 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    ORCA predicts the distribution of human correctness ratings for open-ended audio QA answers and matches or beats LLM judges while also estimating annotator disagreement.

  5. Analyzing Mitigation Strategies for Catastrophic Forgetting in End-to-End Training of Spoken Language Models

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    In a three-stage end-to-end spoken language model, experience replay (mixing old data into later training) was the most effective mitigation against catastrophic forgetting, greatly outperforming model merging and LoR...

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