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Non-Cold Dark Matter from Primordial Black Hole Evaporation
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abstract
Dark matter coupled solely gravitationally can be produced through the decay of primordial black holes in the early universe. If the dark matter is lighter than the initial black hole temperature, it could be warm enough to be subject to structure formation constraints. In this paper we perform a more precise determination of these constraints. We first evaluate the dark matter phase-space distribution, without relying on the instantaneous decay approximation. We then interface this phase-space distribution with the Boltzmann code CLASS to extract the corresponding matter power spectrum, which we find to match closely those of warm dark matter models, albeit with a different dark matter mass. This mapping allows us to extract constraints from Lyman-$\alpha$ data without the need to perform hydrodynamical simulations. We robustly rule out the possibility, consistent with previous analytic estimates, of primordial black holes having come to dominate the energy density of the universe and simultaneously given rise to all the DM through their decay. Consequences and implications for dark radiation and leptogenesis are also briefly discussed.
Forward citations
Cited by 8 Pith papers
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String Axiverse Enhancement of Superradiant Dark Matter Production
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Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls
Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.
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Baryogenesis via Asymmetric Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes
Evaporating primordial black holes, biased by a new gravitational interaction, can reproduce the observed baryon asymmetry once entropy dilution and chemical-potential-dependent emission are included.
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Multiple Populations of Same Sterile Neutrino as Dark Matter
A single sterile neutrino species can be produced by multiple early-universe mechanisms, yielding cold and warm dark matter populations with a two-humped momentum spectrum.
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Setting up stasis with gravitational interactions
PBH evaporation can fill a decaying particle tower with Ω_l ∝ m_l^{+1} or m_l^{-1}, and CGPP with α = 0, 1/2, or 2, matching the conditions needed for cosmological stasis.
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Page Time of Primordial Black Holes in the Standard Model and Beyond
For Standard Model emission, a Schwarzschild primordial black hole of about 6.23 x 10^14 grams would reach its Page time at the current age of the Universe.
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New bounds on Memory Burdened Primordial Black Holes from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Memory-burdened primordial black holes lighter than 10^9 grams are newly constrained by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, with a residual unconstrained window around 1-100 grams for suppression index k=2.
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