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Aspects of the Dark Dimension in Cosmology
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abstract
It was recently understood that if the swampland conjectures are confronted to experiment they naturally point to a solution of the cosmological hierarchy problem in which the smallness of the dark energy is ascribed to an internal (dark) dimension with characteristic length-scale in the micron range. It was later inferred that the universal coupling of the Standard Model fields to the massive spin-2 Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations of the graviton in the dark dimension leads to a dark matter candidate. Since the partial decay widths of KK gravitons into the visible sector must be relatively small to accommodate experiment, the model is particularly challenging to probe. We show that the model can accommodate neutrino masses associated to right-handed neutrinos propagating in the bulk of the dark dimension with an additional constraint imposed by neutrino oscillation data. After that, we study the impact of the KK tower in cosmology. We show that the modulation of redshifted 21-cm lines driven by ${\rm KK} \to \gamma \gamma$ could be within the reach of next generation experiments (e.g. SKA and FARSIDE). We also show that indirect dark matter searches could uncover the ${\rm KK} \to \gamma \gamma$ signal. These two observations combined have the potential for model identification. Finally, we explore the global structure of the inflationary phase and demonstrate that the model parameters required for a successful uniform inflation driven by a 5-dimensional cosmological constant (corresponding to a flat region of the 5-dimensional potential) are natural.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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TransPlanckian Censorship on Dark Dimension Inflation
TransPlanckian Censorship forces dark-dimension inflation into a narrow one-dimension window with a pre-inflationary phase and suppresses tensor modes to r < 10^-10.
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A two-parameter fading dark sector model, with exponential dark energy potential and exponential dark matter mass, matches DESI DR2 plus supernova data and naturally yields apparent w<-1 phantom behavior.
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Analysis of inflationary models in higher-dimensional uniform inflation
In (D+4)-dimensional uniform inflation the spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio are ns=1-(D+6)ε+2η and r=8(D+2)ε, which excludes D≥2 for the five models studied while allowing D=1 in the b0k >> 1 branch.
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Dark Dimension Right-handed Neutrinos Confronted with Long-Baseline Oscillation Experiments
T2K and NOvA data exclude dark-dimension neutrino models with bulk mass |c| < ~0.1 eV for a 10 µm extra dimension.
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QCD Axion Dark Matter in the Dark Dimension
A QCD axion with decay constant around 1e9 to 1e10 GeV, as predicted in the dark dimension scenario, can supply all dark matter if an ALP of mass about 1e-5 eV and decay constant about 1e11 GeV resonantly converts into it.
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Breaking Free from the Swampland of Impossible Universes through the DESI Portal
DESI data indicating evolving dark energy may allow string theory to describe observed universes without violating swampland constraints on constant dark energy.
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