Rankin-Selberg without unfolding and bounds for spherical Fourier coefficients of Maass forms

We use the uniqueness of various invariant functionals on irreducible unitary representations of PGL(2,R) in order to deduce the classical Rankin-Selberg identity for the sum of Fourier coefficients of Maass cusp forms and its new anisotropic analog. We deduce from these formulas non-trivial bounds for the corresponding unipotent and spherical Fourier coefficients of Maass forms. As an application we obtain a subconvexity bound for certain L-functions. Our main tool is the notion of Gelfand pair.