Pith Number

pith:DHJ5GSXS

pith:2026:DHJ5GSXSYIKSTRPRGPKB5G5CCQ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Pulsational mass loss from supermassive stars creates the compact shells of Little Red Dots

Abraham Loeb, Chris Nagele, Devesh Nandal, Franz E. Bauer, Igor Chilingarian, John Chisholm

Pulsational mass loss from supermassive stars produces the compact gas shells of Little Red Dots

arxiv:2604.19988 v2 · 2026-04-21 · astro-ph.HE · astro-ph.GA · astro-ph.SR

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{DHJ5GSXSYIKSTRPRGPKB5G5CCQ}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Pulsational mass-loss from SMSs therefore provides a physically motivated origin for the compact cocoon-like structure implied by LRDs, while remaining the natural progenitors of the massive black hole seeds invoked in direct collapse scenario.

C2weakest assumption

That the discrete strange-mode ejection episodes in the GENEC models, particularly the final dominant one, accurately represent real physical mass loss in supermassive stars and produce a shell whose size, density, and optical thickness match LRD observations without additional assumptions or tuning.

C3one line summary

Pulsational mass loss from supermassive stars ejects discrete shells that form the compact dense gas cocoons observed in Little Red Dots.

Cited by

4 papers in Pith

Little Red Dots at z~2 in EIGER reveal a gentle decline with respect to their peak number density at z~5

SEEDZ: Rapid Galaxy Assembly as a Pathway to Supermassive Stars, Dense Stellar Environments and Massive Black Hole Seeds

Little Red Dots as Intermediate Mass, Super-Eddington Engines: Insights from Type IIn Supernovae and The 1837-1856 Great Eruption of $\eta$ Carinae

SEEDZ: Rapid Galaxy Assembly as a Pathway to Supermassive Stars, Dense Stellar Environments and Massive Black Hole Seeds

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-30T01:16:30.124075Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

19d3d34af2c21529c5f133d41e9ba2140177ac60ecfadcc04ae4dc0b9154b593

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.19988 · arxiv_version: 2604.19988v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.19988 · pith_short_12: DHJ5GSXSYIKS · pith_short_16: DHJ5GSXSYIKSTRPR · pith_short_8: DHJ5GSXS

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/DHJ5GSXSYIKSTRPRGPKB5G5CCQ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 19d3d34af2c21529c5f133d41e9ba2140177ac60ecfadcc04ae4dc0b9154b593

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "dd96f1d9d5195ca11754fd777cf3b8fd0d48135dde9bb87a4fb7292586e5aa90",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "astro-ph.GA",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.HE",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-21T20:55:47Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ee880401b28103e4ab0fdff0df932a30e1e2d0f0cec2a1f2f8046ca1ca46a45d"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.19988",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}