Pith Number

pith:FBSBVP3T

pith:2025:FBSBVP3TR7PZQ7UKR3GYRYNV3V

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

The Colors of Ices: Measuring ice column density through photometry

Adam Ginsburg, Alyssa Bulatek, A. T. Barnes, Brandt A. L. Gaches, Cara D. Battersby, Desmond Jeff, Matthew L. N. Ashby, Miriam G. Santa-Maria, Nazar Budaiev, Neal J. Evans II, Savannah R. Gramze

JWST photometry alone can quantify interstellar ices in the Galactic Center, showing over 25 percent of carbon frozen as CO and implying at least 2.5 times solar metallicity.

arxiv:2510.00292 v4 · 2025-09-30 · astro-ph.GA

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\pithnumber{FBSBVP3TR7PZQ7UKR3GYRYNV3V}

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3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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Claims

C1strongest claim

Accounting for all likely ices, we infer that >25% of the total carbon is frozen into CO ice in the GC, which exceeds the entire solar-neighborhood carbon budget. By assuming the freezeout fraction is the same in GC and disk clouds, we obtain a metallicity measurement indicating that Z_GC ≳2.5 Z_⊙.

C2weakest assumption

The assumption that the ice freezeout fraction is identical between Galactic Center and Galactic disk clouds, which is required to convert the fitted ice column densities into the claimed metallicity value.

C3one line summary

JWST photometry detects CO, H2O, and CO2 ices in Galactic Center clouds, with >25% of carbon frozen in CO ice implying Z_GC ≳2.5 Z_⊙ under equal freezeout assumption.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

The First Glimpse of Water Ice Absorption Map in the Milky Way

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-09T01:05:09.718568Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

28641abf738fdf987e8a8ecd88e1b5dd60f1c91731b243e582fc8c842c50fb89

Aliases

arxiv: 2510.00292 · arxiv_version: 2510.00292v4 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2510.00292 · pith_short_12: FBSBVP3TR7PZ · pith_short_16: FBSBVP3TR7PZQ7UK · pith_short_8: FBSBVP3T

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/FBSBVP3TR7PZQ7UKR3GYRYNV3V \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 28641abf738fdf987e8a8ecd88e1b5dd60f1c91731b243e582fc8c842c50fb89

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "ae12a965fcfa4a7595438748a2f5adab7e18bee8f2971dc1ce9eb82f887be4f7",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.GA",
    "submitted_at": "2025-09-30T21:24:50Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "17020ca7de30d7298897e2f2d27cd3be50d496accb8e306368cfb8473a8d069d"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2510.00292",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 4
  }
}