For infinitely differentiable effective potentials describing the post-inflation transition, the regularized power spectrum of primary gravitational waves exhibits exponential suppression at small scales.
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Gravitational waves from inflation
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abstract
The production of a stochastic background of gravitational waves is a fundamental prediction of any cosmological inflationary model. The features of such a signal encode unique information about the physics of the Early Universe and beyond, thus representing an exciting, powerful window on the origin and evolution of the Universe. We review the main mechanisms of gravitational-wave production, ranging from quantum fluctuations of the gravitational field to other mechanisms that can take place during or after inflation. These include e.g. gravitational waves generated as a consequence of extra particle production during inflation, or during the (p)reheating phase. Gravitational waves produced in inflation scenarios based on modified gravity theories and second-order gravitational waves are also considered. For each analyzed case, the expected power-spectrum is given. We discuss the discriminating power among different models, associated with the validity/violation of the standard consistency relation between tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and tensor spectral index $n_{\rm T}$. In light of the prospects for (directly/indirectly) detecting primordial gravitational waves, we give the expected present-day gravitational radiation spectral energy-density, highlighting the main characteristics imprinted by the cosmic thermal history, and we outline the signatures left by gravitational waves on the Cosmic Microwave Background and some imprints in the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe. Finally, current bounds and prospects of detection for inflationary gravitational waves are summarized.
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representative citing papers
In pure axion inflation, detectable gravitational wave signals arise only in parameter regions with strong backreaction that violate the upper bound on ΔN_eff.
Proposes APTA with 6 satellites and 10^{-18} relative clock uncertainty at 1s averaging to achieve sensitivity for observing 10^3-10^4 solar-mass black hole mergers in the decihertz band.
Tensor-induced non-Gaussianity from primordial gravitational waves generates a unique scale-dependent halo bias correction that can reach order-one amplitude for rare high-redshift halos at z=7.
Induced gravitational waves during inflation obey a universal tensor spectral index formula that yields near scale-invariance for slow-roll expansion regardless of the source field's original spectrum.
A critical scalar field charge in a magnetized black hole produces universal QNM power-law scaling with exponent ~1/2, marking a confined-to-deconfined transition.
Domain wall annihilation imprints a two-peaked spectrum on induced gravitational waves via an early matter-dominated phase and entropy dilution.
Inflationary magnetic fields induce curvature perturbations that form ultralight PBHs, generating a stochastic GW background with model-specific features.
Adiabatic regularization combined with smoothed transitions suppresses the high-frequency oscillations in the power spectrum of primary gravitational waves about a zero mean.
Phase transitions in dark sectors can generate CMB B-modes with amplitudes competitive with inflation but peaking at smaller angular scales.
Einstein-Cartan pseudoscalaron inflation coupled to type-I seesaw neutrinos makes nonthermal leptogenesis a necessary mechanism for the baryon asymmetry, yielding ns ~ 0.97, r ~ 0.004 and nB/s ~ 8.7e-11 for gamma ~ -1/100 and lightest Majorana mass ~ 10^13 GeV.
Non-standard reheating imprints detectable features on SIGW spectra via non-Gaussianity, with dynamics that can suppress or boost the signal amplitude for LISA.
Collapse of a rotating 300 solar mass star produces a strong, characteristic deci-Hz gravitational wave signal potentially detectable to 200 Mpc at a rate of 0.5 per year.
A review that unifies analytical expressions for scalar-induced gravitational waves and emphasizes calculations for non-radiation-dominated cosmologies.
Lecture notes providing a generic introduction to reheating after inflation, covering its theoretical, phenomenological, and observational aspects.
citing papers explorer
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Primary gravitational waves at high frequencies II: Emergence of the exponential cut-off in the power spectrum
For infinitely differentiable effective potentials describing the post-inflation transition, the regularized power spectrum of primary gravitational waves exhibits exponential suppression at small scales.
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Gravitational waves from axion inflation in the gradient expansion formalism. Part I. Pure axion inflation
In pure axion inflation, detectable gravitational wave signals arise only in parameter regions with strong backreaction that violate the upper bound on ΔN_eff.
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Artificial Precision Timing Array: bridging the decihertz gravitational-wave sensitivity gap with clock satellites
Proposes APTA with 6 satellites and 10^{-18} relative clock uncertainty at 1s averaging to achieve sensitivity for observing 10^3-10^4 solar-mass black hole mergers in the decihertz band.
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Tracing Primordial Gravitational Waves via non-Gaussian Signatures of Halo Bias
Tensor-induced non-Gaussianity from primordial gravitational waves generates a unique scale-dependent halo bias correction that can reach order-one amplitude for rare high-redshift halos at z=7.
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A universal scaling law for gravitational waves induced during inflation
Induced gravitational waves during inflation obey a universal tensor spectral index formula that yields near scale-invariance for slow-roll expansion regardless of the source field's original spectrum.
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Universality in quasinormal modes of a magnetized black hole
A critical scalar field charge in a magnetized black hole produces universal QNM power-law scaling with exponent ~1/2, marking a confined-to-deconfined transition.
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Imprint of domain wall annihilation on induced gravitational waves
Domain wall annihilation imprints a two-peaked spectrum on induced gravitational waves via an early matter-dominated phase and entropy dilution.
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The Magnetic Origin of Primordial Black Holes: Ultralight PBHs and Secondary GWs
Inflationary magnetic fields induce curvature perturbations that form ultralight PBHs, generating a stochastic GW background with model-specific features.
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Primary gravitational waves at high frequencies I: Origin of suppression in the power spectrum
Adiabatic regularization combined with smoothed transitions suppresses the high-frequency oscillations in the power spectrum of primary gravitational waves about a zero mean.
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Observable CMB B-modes from Cosmological Phase Transitions
Phase transitions in dark sectors can generate CMB B-modes with amplitudes competitive with inflation but peaking at smaller angular scales.
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Einstein-Cartan pseudoscalaron inflation, reheating and nonthermal leptogenesis
Einstein-Cartan pseudoscalaron inflation coupled to type-I seesaw neutrinos makes nonthermal leptogenesis a necessary mechanism for the baryon asymmetry, yielding ns ~ 0.97, r ~ 0.004 and nB/s ~ 8.7e-11 for gamma ~ -1/100 and lightest Majorana mass ~ 10^13 GeV.
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Probing non-Gaussianity during reheating with SIGW in the LISA band
Non-standard reheating imprints detectable features on SIGW spectra via non-Gaussianity, with dynamics that can suppress or boost the signal amplitude for LISA.
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The deci-Hz gravitational wave signal from the collapse of rotating very massive stars
Collapse of a rotating 300 solar mass star produces a strong, characteristic deci-Hz gravitational wave signal potentially detectable to 200 Mpc at a rate of 0.5 per year.
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Scalar induced gravitational waves review
A review that unifies analytical expressions for scalar-induced gravitational waves and emphasizes calculations for non-radiation-dominated cosmologies.
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Lectures on Reheating after Inflation
Lecture notes providing a generic introduction to reheating after inflation, covering its theoretical, phenomenological, and observational aspects.