The cosmic tetrarchy decomposes BAO-based measurements into four channels that isolate distinct assumptions to test whether the dimensionless sound-horizon ratio remains a single redshift-independent number.
Cosmology-Independent Constraints on the Etherington Relation and SNeIa Absolute Magnitude Evolution from DESI-DR2
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abstract
We carry out a test of the fundamental Etherington relation (cosmic distance duality relation) which relates the luminosity distance $D_{\rm L}$ and angular diameter distance $D_{\rm A}$ in metric theories of gravity. We use the latest measurements of the angular diameter distance as a function of redshift from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release 2 (DESI-DR2) and the luminosity distance from a variety of compilations of Supernovae of Type Ia (SNeIa). Our results indicate that these measurements are statistically consistent with the Etherington relation. In addition to providing a confirmation of the underlying assumptions of the Etherington relation, i.e., the metric nature of gravity, Lorentz invariance and photon number conservation, our results are also a stringent test of any residual systematic effects. We interpret the absence of evidence of any deviation from this relation to constrain the evolution of the absolute magnitude of SNeIa to $dM/dz = 0.07 \pm 0.07$ over and above the systematics that are already accounted for in the SNeIa analyses. We discuss how the Etherington relation can be used to constrain systematic parameters in the analyses of dynamical dark energy using geometric probes, to make it more robust against systematic effects.
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The analysis finds average cosmic transparency from z=0.01 to 2.26 but reports statistically significant opacity deviations in several Δz=0.1 bins, notably ε ≈ -0.43 in 0.3 < z ≤ 0.4.
Effective phantom dark energy is a background-level reconstruction that does not imply fundamental pathologies such as ghost instabilities or null energy condition violation by the underlying stress tensor.
citing papers explorer
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The cosmic tetrarchy: four estimators breaking the assumption degeneracy in cosmological distance tensions
The cosmic tetrarchy decomposes BAO-based measurements into four channels that isolate distinct assumptions to test whether the dimensionless sound-horizon ratio remains a single redshift-independent number.
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Model Independent Probe of Variation of Cosmic Opacity with Redshift
The analysis finds average cosmic transparency from z=0.01 to 2.26 but reports statistically significant opacity deviations in several Δz=0.1 bins, notably ε ≈ -0.43 in 0.3 < z ≤ 0.4.
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Effective Phantom Dark Energy: What Cosmological Reconstruction Does and Does Not Imply
Effective phantom dark energy is a background-level reconstruction that does not imply fundamental pathologies such as ghost instabilities or null energy condition violation by the underlying stress tensor.