DESI measures BAO scales in six redshift bins with 0.52% combined precision using 5.7 million objects, detecting the signal at up to 9.1 sigma and finding larger scales than Planck LCDM at z<0.8.
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Observational Probes of Cosmic Acceleration
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The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in many decades, implying that the universe is dominated by some form of "dark energy" with exotic physical properties, or that Einstein's theory of gravity breaks down on cosmological scales. The profound implications of cosmic acceleration have inspired ambitious experimental efforts to measure the history of expansion and growth of structure with percent-level precision or higher. We review in detail the four most well established methods for making such measurements: Type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), weak gravitational lensing, and galaxy clusters. We pay particular attention to the systematic uncertainties in these techniques and to strategies for controlling them at the level needed to exploit "Stage IV" dark energy facilities such as BigBOSS, LSST, Euclid, and WFIRST. We briefly review a number of other approaches including redshift-space distortions, the Alcock-Paczynski test, and direct measurements of H_0. We present extensive forecasts for constraints on the dark energy equation of state and parameterized deviations from GR, achievable with Stage III and Stage IV experimental programs that incorporate supernovae, BAO, weak lensing, and CMB data. We also show the level of precision required for other methods to provide constraints competitive with those of these fiducial programs. We emphasize the value of a balanced program that employs several of the most powerful methods in combination, both to cross-check systematic uncertainties and to take advantage of complementary information. Surveys to probe cosmic acceleration produce data sets with broad applications, and they continue the longstanding astronomical tradition of mapping the universe in ever greater detail over ever larger scales.
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GI BAO provides a robust consistency check for density BAO and shear data, with the first photometric measurement on DES Y3 showing agreement at α = 0.966 ± 0.252.
KiLeR combines shear ratios with kinematic intrinsic shapes to mitigate first-order lensing systematics and forecasts a 192% improvement in dark energy constraints from the Roman telescope.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
The paper develops R^wst, a bias-robust wavelet scattering statistic that delivers unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters and improves degeneracy breaking versus the two-point correlation function via simulation-based inference.
Super-resonant dark matter at O(100) GeV masses amplifies self-scattering and annihilation cross sections via combined resonance and Sommerfeld effects, necessitating coupled Boltzmann equations to match observed relic density.
Projection-induced selection bias causes 20-50% overestimation of weak lensing masses for optically selected galaxy clusters, larger on scales >3 Mpc.
DESI measures BAO from the Lyα forest at z_eff=2.33, reporting H(z) = (239.2 ± 4.8) (147.09 Mpc/rd) km/s/Mpc and DM(z) = (5.84 ± 0.14) (rd/147.09 Mpc) Gpc.
DES Y3 3x2pt analysis constrains S8=0.776±0.017 and Ωm=0.339±0.032 in flat ΛCDM, consistent with Planck CMB results at p=0.13-0.48.
In gravity with non-minimal derivative coupling, scalar, vector, and tensor perturbation modes are all amplified during the early quasi-de Sitter stage, unlike in standard Friedmann cosmology.
Nonlocal black holes remain consistent with general relativity at the 1.13-sigma level after joint lensing and quasinormal-mode constraints.
The QDEE model fits combined cosmological datasets better than Lambda CDM, shifts the Hubble constant higher, and shows strong Bayesian evidence in its favor.
Bayesian hierarchical modeling of photometric redshifts in KiDS+VIKING-450 raises S8 to 0.756 ± 0.039 and reduces Planck tension to 1.9σ.
Extended analysis of DESI DR2 data confirms robust evidence for dynamical dark energy with phantom crossing preference, stable under parametric and non-parametric modeling.
DESI DR2 delivers 0.65% precision BAO measurements from the LyA forest at z_eff=2.33, with D_H/r_d = 8.632 ± 0.098 ± 0.026 and D_M/r_d = 38.99 ± 0.52 ± 0.12.
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
In an f(R, L_m) gravity model constrained by distance modulus data via chi-squared and MCMC, the authors report earlier nonlinear structure formation and higher matter-radiation equality redshift than Lambda CDM, with matching recombination redshift.
The Hubble tension between local and early-universe expansion-rate measurements may be resolved by early dark energy that speeds up expansion before recombination while satisfying existing constraints.
Review of DESI evidence for dynamical dark energy, its dependence on parametrization and datasets, and alternative beyond-LambdaCDM interpretations that may address cosmological tensions.
citing papers explorer
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DESI 2024 III: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Galaxies and Quasars
DESI measures BAO scales in six redshift bins with 0.52% combined precision using 5.7 million objects, detecting the signal at up to 9.1 sigma and finding larger scales than Planck LCDM at z<0.8.
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GI BAO as a cosmological consistency check
GI BAO provides a robust consistency check for density BAO and shear data, with the first photometric measurement on DES Y3 showing agreement at α = 0.966 ± 0.252.
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Kinematic Lensing Ratio: Reviving Weak Lensing Cosmography as a Geometric Dark Energy Probe
KiLeR combines shear ratios with kinematic intrinsic shapes to mitigate first-order lensing systematics and forecasts a 192% improvement in dark energy constraints from the Roman telescope.
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DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
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DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
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Cosmological Constraints from Bias-Robust Wavelet Scattering Statistics for Stage-IV Galaxy Surveys
The paper develops R^wst, a bias-robust wavelet scattering statistic that delivers unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters and improves degeneracy breaking versus the two-point correlation function via simulation-based inference.
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Self-Interaction of Super-Resonant Dark Matter
Super-resonant dark matter at O(100) GeV masses amplifies self-scattering and annihilation cross sections via combined resonance and Sommerfeld effects, necessitating coupled Boltzmann equations to match observed relic density.
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Impact of projection-induced optical selection bias on the weak lensing mass calibration of galaxy clusters
Projection-induced selection bias causes 20-50% overestimation of weak lensing masses for optically selected galaxy clusters, larger on scales >3 Mpc.
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DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
DESI measures BAO from the Lyα forest at z_eff=2.33, reporting H(z) = (239.2 ± 4.8) (147.09 Mpc/rd) km/s/Mpc and DM(z) = (5.84 ± 0.14) (rd/147.09 Mpc) Gpc.
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
DES Y3 3x2pt analysis constrains S8=0.776±0.017 and Ωm=0.339±0.032 in flat ΛCDM, consistent with Planck CMB results at p=0.13-0.48.
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Cosmological perturbations in the theory of gravity with non-minimal derivative coupling. I. Modes of perturbations
In gravity with non-minimal derivative coupling, scalar, vector, and tensor perturbation modes are all amplified during the early quasi-de Sitter stage, unlike in standard Friedmann cosmology.
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Observational constraints on nonlocal black holes via gravitational lensing
Nonlocal black holes remain consistent with general relativity at the 1.13-sigma level after joint lensing and quasinormal-mode constraints.
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Probing late-time deviations from $\Lambda$CDM with a quadratic dark energy expansion
The QDEE model fits combined cosmological datasets better than Lambda CDM, shifts the Hubble constant higher, and shows strong Bayesian evidence in its favor.
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KiDS+VIKING-450 cosmology with Bayesian hierarchical model redshift distributions
Bayesian hierarchical modeling of photometric redshifts in KiDS+VIKING-450 raises S8 to 0.756 ± 0.039 and reduces Planck tension to 1.9σ.
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Extended Dark Energy analysis using DESI DR2 BAO measurements
Extended analysis of DESI DR2 data confirms robust evidence for dynamical dark energy with phantom crossing preference, stable under parametric and non-parametric modeling.
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DESI DR2 Results I: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
DESI DR2 delivers 0.65% precision BAO measurements from the LyA forest at z_eff=2.33, with D_H/r_d = 8.632 ± 0.098 ± 0.026 and D_M/r_d = 38.99 ± 0.52 ± 0.12.
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Coupled Dark Energy and Dark Matter for DESI: An Effective Guide to the Phantom Divide
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
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Comparative Study of Early-Universe Epochs in an $f(R,L_m)$ Gravity Model with Effective Curvature--Matter Interaction and $\Lambda$CDM Cosmology
In an f(R, L_m) gravity model constrained by distance modulus data via chi-squared and MCMC, the authors report earlier nonlinear structure formation and higher matter-radiation equality redshift than Lambda CDM, with matching recombination redshift.
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The Hubble Tension and Early Dark Energy
The Hubble tension between local and early-universe expansion-rate measurements may be resolved by early dark energy that speeds up expansion before recombination while satisfying existing constraints.
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Dark Energy in the DESI Era: A Brief Review of Evidence, Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM Interpretations, and Tensions
Review of DESI evidence for dynamical dark energy, its dependence on parametrization and datasets, and alternative beyond-LambdaCDM interpretations that may address cosmological tensions.